【高一同步教程】高中英语必修2
Unit2 The Olympic Games语法点精讲
一般将来时的被动语态
语态是表示主语和动词之间的主动关系或被动关系的动词形式。英语动词有两种语态:主动语态和被动语态。主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者(施动者),被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者(受动者)。本单元的语法是一般将来时态的被动语态,现就其用法归纳如下:
一、一般将来时态的被动语态的基本结构的构成:
1.一般将来时态的被动语态的肯定式为:主语+shall
/ will + be done。(shall
用于第一人称,will用于各种人称)
如:
We shall / will be punished if we break the rule.如果我们违反规定,我们将要受到惩罚。
The new film will be shown next Thursday.这部新电影将在下周四上映。
2.一般将来时态的被动语态的否定式为:主语+shall
/ will + not + be done.(可缩写成shan’t或won’t)如:
The meeting won’t be held tomorrow.明天不再举行会议。
The exhibition won’t be put off till next week.展览会将不会推迟到下周。
3.一般将来时态的被动语态的一般疑问句句式:shall
/ will+主语+be
done。(回答用yes或no)如:
Won’t water be turned into ice, if it is below
freezing temperature?
如果气温在冰点之下,水难道不会变成冰吗?
---Will the work be finished at once?
这项工作会立刻被完成吗?
---Yes, it will. 是的,立刻就完成。
4.一般将来时态的被动语态的特殊疑问句为:疑问词
+ shall / will + 主语
+ be done。如:
When will these books be published?
这些书将在什么时候被出版?
二、一般将来时态的被动语态的其他结构构成:
1.主语+be
going to +be done
Some old buildings are going to be put down.
一些旧的楼房将被推倒。
The problem isn’t going to be discussed at the
meeting tomorrow.
这个问题将不在明天的会议上被讨论。
---Are these trees going to be cut down?这些树将被砍倒吗?
---Yes,they
are. 是的,将被砍倒。
2.主语+be
to +be done
The meeting is to be held on April 10.
会议将于四月十日举行。
The machines are not to be repaired tonight.
今晚将不会修理这些机器。
---Are new textbooks to be published next week?新教科书将在下周出版吗?
---No, they aren’t.
不,不是。
三、一般将来时的被动语态的用法:
1.一般将来时的被动语态的同它的主动语态一样,表示将要发生的被动性动作。
The new film will be shown next Thursday.
这部新电影将在下周四上映。
A lot of athletes will be invited to Beijing.
好多运动员将被邀请到北京来。
2.在时间、条件状语从句中,常用一般现在时的被动语态代替一般将来时的被动语态。如:
When the dam is completed, the Changjiang River
will be controlled.
当大坝竣工时,长江将得到控制。
If I am given enough time, I will go to Japan for
my holiday.
如果我有足够的时间,我将去日本度假。
3.表示有固定性条件或有规律性的被动结果,常用shall
/ will be done结构。如:
Heated to 100℃, water
will be turned into steam. 加热到100度时,水将会变成蒸汽。
If you speak in class, you will be punished.
如果你在课堂上讲话,你将会被惩罚。
四、注意:
1、短语动词是一个不可分割的整体,在变为被动语态时,不可丢掉构成短语动词的介词或副词。
At last they put out the fire.他们最后把火扑灭了。
At last the fire was put out.
火最后被扑灭了。
2、带有复合宾语的句子在变为被动结构时,宾语补足语相应变成主语补足语。注意:主动语态中,若宾语补足语为不带to
的不定式,在变为被动语态时必须带to。
Everybody called her Big Sister
She was called Big Sister by everybody
The engineer made the robot clean the room.
The robot was made to clean the room
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