Period 4　Grammar

（Direct Speech and Indirect Speech(Ⅱ)）

整体设计

从容说课

This is the fourth teaching period of this unit. To test whether the students have grasped the important and difficult language points they learned in the last period, the teacher should first offer them some revision exercises.

This teaching period is a grammar lesson. The students are expected to make clear what a command is and what a request is, and how to turn their direct speech into indirect speech in t his period.

In this lesson, we will first offer a supposed situation and make the students learn about the differences between demands and requests. The situation makes students know that in English, giving commands is less polite than making a request. Not everyone should give commands. People who often give commands are bosses, teachers and parents. If giving commands, we use such structures as “Do. . . ” and “Don’t. . . ”; if making a request, we can say “Please do. . . ”, “Will/Would you(please). . . ? ”, “Can/Could you(please). . . ? ”, etc.

Later on, we’ll summarize the rules of turning Direct speech into Indirect speech and make students know:if we change commands, we may use the pattern:sb. told/ordered sb. else(not)to do sth. ; if we change requests, we can use “sb. asked sb. else(not)to do sth. ”. Then ask them to do exercises and make dialogues according to supposed situations. This can help the students connect grammar rules with proper language forms so as to make grammar rules less abstract.

教学重点 Get the students to master the rules of how to express a request and a command in direct speech and indirect speech.

教学难点Enable the students to use a request and a command in direct speech and indirect speech.

教学方法 1. Task-based teaching and learning

2. Cooperative learning[来源:学科网][来源:学|科|网]

3. Discussion and practice

教具准备 A project or and other normal teaching tools

三维目标

Knowledge aim:Get the students to learn the rules of requests and commands in direct speech and indirect speech.

Ability aim:Enable the students to use the rules properly in different situations.

Emotional aim:Enable the students to communicate with others well by using requests and commands properly.

教学过程

设计方案（一）

→Step 1 Revision

1. Check the homework exercises.

2. Get the students to dictate some useful words and expressions.

3. Change a statement or a question into indirect speech.

→Step 2 Summarizing the difference between commands and requests

The teacher speaks to three students:

Xiao Ming, close the door.

Xiao Mei, please pass on the dictionary to Li Ming.

Wang Juan, will you please answer me a question?

Write the three sentences on the blackboard. Ask what the difference is among them. Then tell the students:Speaking the first sentence, I give a command. Using “Please. . . ” or “Will you please. . . ? ”, I make requests.

Show the following on the screen.

Direct Speech
Commands	Do. . . /Don’t. . .
Requests	Do. . . , please. Can/Could you(please). . . ? Will/Would you(please). . . ?

 

→Step 3 Practice(1)

Turn to Page 12.

1. Change the commands into requests(Exercise 3 in Discovering useful structures). Students work in pairs.

2. Make dialogues using the commands/requests. Work in pairs. Students are encouraged to imagine interesting dialogues.

Sample dialogues:[来源:Zxxk.Com]

Situation 1

A: Excuse me. Who would do me a favor to close the door?

B: Speak louder, please.

A: Will you please close the door?

B: OK. I will.

A: Thank you very much.

B: My pleasure.

Situation 2

A: Excuse me. It’s time for me to get off. Would you please make way for me?

B: Of course. I’ll be happy to make way for you. Go ahead.

A: Thank you.

B: You’re welcome. Oh, my God, I need to loose my weight.

3. Do Exercise 2(Using structures Page 50)

Students read the exercise to know what they are expected to do, then do it individually. While checking the answers, deal with any problems students may meet.

→Step 4 Summarizing the rules of turning Direct speech into Indirect speech

Work in pairs.

Show some examples on the screen. Ask students to study them carefully and discuss in pairs to find out the rules.

“Make sure the light is off, ” The teacher said to me. The teacher told me to make sure the light was off. “Don’t play balls in the street, ” the policeman said to us. The policeman told us not to play balls in the street. “Can you lend me ten dollars? ” Mary said. Mary asked me to lend her ten dollars. “Will you please not smoke here? ” she said. She asked me not to smoke here.

A few minutes later, ask one student to write his or her answers in the table.

	Direct Speech	Indirect speech
Commands	Do/Don’t. . .
Req uests	Do. . . , please. Can/Could you(please). . . ? Will/Would you(please). . . ?

 

After discussion, the correct answer is shown on the blackboard. The students can see:

 

	Direct Speech	Indirect speech
Commands	Do/Don’t. . .	Sb. told sb. else(not)to do. . .
Requests	Do. . . , please. Can/Could you(please). . . ? Will/Would you(please). . . ?	Sb. asked sb. else(not)to do. . .

 

Conclusion:If we change commands, we may use the patterns:sb. told/ordered sb. else(not)to do sth. ; if we change requests, we can use “sb. asked sb. else(not)to do sth. ”

→Step 5 Practice(2)

1. Turn to Page 50. Do Exercise 1 in Usi ng structures.

Teacher makes a dialogue with two students. Just like the following:[来源:学.科.网Z.X.X.K]

T:Turn on the light, Mary.

A: What did our teacher tell Mary?

B:She told Mary to turn on the light.

Students work in groups of 3.

2. Ask students to work in groups of 3 to make a dialogue. Be sure to use indirect and direct speech and requests.

Supposed situation:A doesn’t know the way to the cinema and turns to C for help. B retells C’s words to A.

→Step 6 Conso lidation

1. They weren’t talking to you, but you heard them. What did you hear them say?

1)She told him to shut up. I am sure I heard her say to him “______________”.

2)He asked her to speak louder. I am sur e I heard him ask her “______________”.

3)She told her to try the lift. I am sure I heard her say to her “______________”.

4)He told them not to wait for him. I am sure that I heard him say to him “______________”.

5)She told him to stop wasting time. I am sure I heard her say to him “______________”.

6)The girl asked her father to tell her a story. I am sure I heard her ask him “______________”.

2. Work in pairs. Look at the Dos and Don’ts below. Turn them into commands and requests. First use Direct Speech, then use Indirect Speech.

Dos	Don’ts
Buy some bread for her.	Make too much noise.
Help her tidy the room.	Forget to put your umbrella in the stand.
Speak quietly on the phone.	Smoke in the bathroom.
Turn down the radio.	Stay up too late.

 

3. Games

Choose two students act as two robots. One listens to the requests, the other listens to the commands. Other students giv e either requests or commands, and the robots do what the students ask them to do.

If time is limited, it can be done as homework.

→Step 7 Homework

1. Finish off the workbook exercises.

2. Prepare the next part.

板书设计

Unit 2　English around the world

Grammar:the Imperative Sentence and Its Indirect Speech

 

	Direct Speech	Indirect speech
Commands	Do/Don’t. . .	Sb. told sb. else(not)to do. . .
Requests	Do. . . , please. Can/Could you(please). . . ? Will/Would you(please). . . ?	Sb. asked sb. else(not)to do. . .

 

活动与探究

If you are an assistant, make some Dos and Don’ts for your school library. Then make dialogues with your classmates using commands and requests and the indirect speech.