Period 3　Grammar

教学目标　　　　　

1．语言知识目标：复习非限制性定语从句的特点和关系词

2．语言能力目标：能够写出含有非限制性定语从句的句子，并在书面表达中进行运用

重点难点　　　　　

1．教学重点：掌握非限制性定语从句的特点，关系代词和关系副词使用的场合；能够运用非限制性定语从句。

2．教学难点：关系代词和关系副词使用的场合；在写作中运用非限制性定语从句；明确限制性定语从句与非限制性定语从句的区别。

教学准备　　　　　

1．学生的学习准备：复习非限制性定语从句的特点及关系词。

2．教师的教学准备：整理关系代词和关系副词的使用场合，并设计合理的场景。

3．教学用具的设计和准备：制作多媒体课件。[来源:Z_xx_k.Com]

教学过程　　　　　[来源:学&科&网]

Step 1　Presentation

1．Enjoy a beautiful composition which comes from the 2008 Zhejiang college entrance examination.

I prefer my English classes to be taught in both English and Chinese，whose_advantage_is_that_it_is_easy_for_us_to_understand_what_the_teacher_talks_about.The teacher first teaches the class in English，and then she explains those that_are_hard_to_understand_to_us so that we get a better understanding of the passage.That will be good for us.

However，teaching the class in two languages will make the English atmosphere not so strong.Som e students who_wish_to_be_taught_in_English_will be disappointed.

Except for the disadvantage，I think it is really good to hear two languages in class.It can make us more familiar with the foreign culture.

2．Show the sentences with the restrictive and non－restrictive attributive clauses in the composition on the screen.

[设计说明] 欣赏高考满分范文，找出美丽的句子，能够很快地引起学生的兴趣，活跃课堂气氛，而且带有限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句的出彩句子的出现，也为复习定语从句做好了准备。

Step 2　Revision

1．Revise the characteristics of non－restrictive attributive clauses.(The students can say that in Chinese.)

从形式上看，非限制性定语 从句与先行词(被定语从句修饰的名词或代词)之间有逗号。

从功能上看，非限制性定语从句对先行词起着补充说明的作用，如果去掉从句，不会影响到整个主句的意思。

Revise the differences between restrictive and non－restrictive attributive clauses.

从形式上看，限制性定语从句与先行词(被定语从句修饰的名词或代词)之间没有逗号。

从功能上看，限制性定语从句对先行词起着限制解释的作用，如果去掉从句，会影响到整个主句的意思。

2．Revise the usage of non－restrictive attributive clauses.

引导非限制性定语从句的关系代词有as，which，who, whom，whose等，作定语从句的主语、宾语、表语及定语。关系副词有when，where等，作定语从句的状语。关系代词和关系副词在定语从句中一般不能省略。

(1)which引导的非限制性定语从句来说明前面整个句子的情况或主句的某一部分，that不能用于引导非限制性定语从句。

例如：

Her house，which was built a hundred years ago，stood still in the ea rthquake.

(2)当先行词是专有名词或被物主代词和指示代词所修饰时，其后的定语从句通常是非限制性的。

例如：

Charles Smith，who was my former teacher，retired last year.

(3)as，which引导指代主句内容的非限制性定语从句时，表依据、评论与表事实、状态等没有多大差别，用在主句末时，有时可以通用。

He is quite pleased，as /which can be seen from his face。[来源:学,科,网Z,X,X,K]

但是，上面句中把定语从句置于主句句首时，就只能用as。

(4)“n./pron./num.＋prep.＋ which”定语从句

China has thousands of islands，the largest of which is Taiwan.

[设计说明] 借助第一环节中的句子，先让学生找出限制和非限制性定语从句，再复习非限制性定语从句的特征，区分与限制性定语从句的不同，为下面的环节——非限制性定语从句的运用打下基础。

Step 3　Practising

Since the students have known the differences between restrictive attributive clauses and non－restrictive attributive clauses，let them do some practice.

1．(1)A fast food restaurant is the place ______，just as the man suggests，eating is performed quic kly.

A．which　　　　　　B．where　　　　　　C．there　　　　　　D．what

(2)York，______ last year，is a nice old city.

A．that I visited  B．which I visited  C．where I visited  D．in which I visited

(3)A nyway，that evening，______ I'll tell you more about later，I ended up staying at Ra chle's place.

A．when      B．where      C．what      D．which

(4)Recently I bought an ancient Chinese vase，______ was very reasonable.

A．which price                 B．the price of which

C．its price                    D．the price of whose

(5)The journey around the world took the old sailor nine months，______ the sailing time was 226 days.

A．of which  B．during which  C．from which  D．for which

Keys：(1)B　(2)B　(3)D　(4)B　(5)A

2．Fill in the blanks with the proper relative pronouns/adverbs.

(1)That tree，______ branches are almost bare，is very old.

(2)I'm taking some weight－loss pills，______ are quite popular here.

(3)Jim changed his mind，______ made me ver y angry.

(4)After living in Paris for fifty years he returned to the small town，______ he grew up as a child.

(5)I have many friends，some of ______ are businessmen.

(6)Madam Curie，for ______ li fe had been very hard early in her life，was the first person in the world to receive two Nobel Prizes.

(7)______is known to everybody，the moon travels round the earth once every month.

(8)We will be shown around the city：schools，museums，and some other places，______other visitors seldom go.

Keys：

(1)whose　(2)which　(3)which　(4)where　(5)whom　(6)whom　(7)As　(8)where

3．Complete the sentences with your own words.

(1)Painting is a popular activity，which ____________.

(2)Jack，who ____________，hated the idea of travelling to Scotland on the train.

(3)He must be from Africa，where ____________.

(4)My fath er was born on October 1,1949，when ____________.

(5)The sun heats the earth，which ____________.

(6)She got a gift from her mother，whom ____________.

(7)He was educated at a local grammar school，after which ____________.

(8)I gave him a warning，to which ____________.

答案：略

4．Join the two sentences.You need to add commas to most.(Exercise 3 on Page 41)

Keys：

(1)Peter，who people used to think was quiet，danced and sang all evening.

(2)For my birthday，Sharon gave me a picture she had paint ed especially for me.

(3)The operation，which improved my grandfather's hearing，was performed in a famous hospital.

(4)I saw many historical sites when I went on a tour round China，which was very e xciting.

(5)The two traffic accidents happened on the same morning，when there was a heavy fog.

(6)Tang Ling volunteered to help the welfare house，where she teaches the homeless children.

(7)As far as I'm concerned，Anne，whose daughter is in my class，should not be going to America next year.

(8)He went on a bus tour with a group of people，most of whom had never travelled before.

5．Write a passage about your hobbies using non－restricitive attributive clauses properly.

[设计说明]语法运用在这个部分是层层递进的。练习一要求学生选择合适的关系代词或关系副词填空；练习二要求学生填写关系代词或关系副词；练习三要求学生造句，完成非限制性定语从句；练习四要求写出一个含有非限制性定语从句的完整的句子；练习五要求写一篇含有多个定语从句的文章，体现了“词—句—篇”的教学原则。如果学生的水平较弱，难以按照教师的要求完成写作练习，教师也可以要求学生翻译一段含有多个定语从句的文章以达到在语篇输出中运用非限制性定语从句的目的。[来源:学科网][来源:学#科#网]

A writing sample：

A hobby can be almost anything a_person_likes_to_do_in_his_spare_time.It offers enjoyment，friendship，knowledge and relaxation to us.

Then，what is my hobby？Well，what I like most is singing.When I was young，I showed great interests in music，which_was_pleasing_to _ears.When I grew up，my music teacher found that I had a good voice，so she sent me to the Children's Palace to study music.From then on，I began to make up a dream of becoming a singer in the future.As time went by，I came to realize that my dream wouldn't come true，for there were strict conditions of being a singer.But I still took singing as my hobby since I found in music the interests which_were_lost_in_the_exams.I put all my emotion into singing a song，which_gave_me_very_good_and_very_pleasant_feelings_and_a_good_chance_to_relax.Besides，it was a good way to learn things_t hat_couldn't_be_easily_found_in_life.I love singing，and the most interesting thing in life is sitting in the sunshine，listening to the walkman and singing together with the singer.

So，this is my hobby，and I hope every one can enjoy his own hobby，enjoy the simple good things of life.