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一、用现在进行时表示将来
1. 指的是近期的，按计划或安排要发生的动作，谓语通常为瞬间性的动词，如：come, go, arrive, leave, start, begin, return, meet, get 等。
I'm leaving tomorrow. 明天我要走了。
He is coming back this Sunday. 这个星期他就回来了。
How are you getting there? 你怎么去哪啊？
2. 在时间和条件状语从句中，有时也用进行时表示将来情况。如：
Don’t mention me when you are talking with him. 当你和他说话的时候不要提起我。
If he is doing his homework, don’t bother him. 如果他要做作业，不要打扰他。
You must visit
If she’s still waiting, tell her to go home. 如果她还在等，可以让她回家。
You can do some reading while you are waiting for the train. 你等火车时可以看看书。
Suppose it’s still raining tomorrow, shall we go?假定明天还在下雨，我们要去吗?
二、现在进行时的基本用法
现在进行时是英语中的一种重要时态，其结构是：be + doing sth.。
1. 表示现在（指说话人说话时）正在发生的事情。
We are waiting for you. 我们正在等你。
2. 表示现阶段暂时的情况，说话时动作未必正在进行。
What are you doing recently?
Mr. Green is writing another novel.
他在写另一部小说。（说话时并未在写，只处于写作的状态。）
3. 表示发展中的或正在改变的情况，如：get, grow, become, turn, run, go, begin等。
The leaves are turning red. 叶子在变红。
It‘s getting warmer and warmer. 天越来越热了。
4. 与always, constantly, forever 等词连用，表示反复发生的动作或持续存在的状态，往往带有说话人的主观色彩（赞成、讨厌、生气等情绪）。
You are always changing your mind. 你总是改变自己的主意。
三、一般将来时的用法
1．will/shall表将来。shall用于第一人称，常被will 所代替。will在陈述句中用于各种人称，在征求意见时常用于第二人称。
The building will be finished next month. 这座大楼将于下个月竣工。
Which paragraph shall I read first？ 我先读哪一段呢？
Will you be at home at seven this evening? 今晚七点回家好吗？
【注意】will 在条件句中用一般现在时代替;
If she comes, I’ll call you. 如果她来了，我就打电话告诉你。
2．be going to表将来。
1）表示个人的计划、打算和意图。
What are you going to do tomorrow? 明天打算作什么呢？
2）表示按计划或安排将要发生的事。
The play is going to be produced next month。 这出戏下月开播。
3）有迹象表明要发生的事。
Look at the dark clouds, there is going to be a storm. 看那乌云，快要下雨了。
3．be to do 表示客观安排或受人指示而做某事
We are to discuss the report next Saturday. 我们下星期六讨论这份报告。
4．be about to表将来。 意为“马上做某事，刚要，正要”，表示 非常近的将来，不能与tomorrow 等表示明确将来时的时间状语连用
He is about to leave for
5. 一般现在时表将来
1）下列动词come, go, arrive, leave, start, begin, return的一般现在时可以表示将来，主要用来表示在时间上已确定或安排好的事情。例如：
The train leaves at six tomorrow morning. 火车明天上午六点开。
When does the bus star? It stars in ten minutes. 汽车什么时候开？十分钟后。
2）以here, there等开始的倒装句，表示动作正在进行。例如：
Here comes the bus. = The bus is coming. 车来了。
There goes the bell. = The bell is ringing. 铃响了。
3）在时间或条件句中。例如：
When Bill comes （不是will come）， ask him to wait for me. 比尔来后，让他等我。
I'll write to you as soon as I arrive there. 我到了那里，就写信给你。
4）在动词hope, take care that, make sure that等的宾语从句中。例如：
I hope they have a nice time next week. 我希望他们下星期玩得开心。
Make sure that the windows are closed before you leave the room. 离开房间前，务必把窗户关了。
四、注意事项
1. be going to / will 辨析
用于条件句时，be going to表将来，will表意愿。
If you are going to make a journey, you'd better get ready for it as soon as possible.
如果你想去旅行，你最好尽快的准备。
Now if you will take off your clothes, we will fit the new clothes on you in front of the mirror.
2. be to do/be going to 辨析
be to do 表示客观安排或受人指示而做某事。
be going to 表示个人主观的打算或计划。
I am to play football tomorrow afternoon. 明天下午我去踢球。（客观安排）
I'm going to play football tomorrow afternoon. 明天下午我想去踢球。（主观安排）
3. 一般现在时代替一般将来时
在when ,while, before, after, till, once, as soon as, so long as, by the time, if, in case （that）, unless, even if, whether, the moment, the minute, the day, the year, immediately等引导的时间状语从句，条件句中，用一般现在时代替将来时。
He is going to visit her aunt the day he arrives in
4．不能使用进行时的动词
1）表示事实状态的动词，如 have, belong, possess, cost, owe, exist, include, contain, matter, weigh, measure, continue等。
I have two brothers. 我有两兄弟。
This house belongs to my sister. 这房子是我姐的。
2）表示心理状态的动词，如 know, realize, think, see, believe, suppose, imagine, agree, recognize, remember, want, need, forget, prefer, mean, understand, love, hate 等。
I need your help. 我需要你的帮助。
He loves her very much. 他爱她很深。
3）瞬间动词，如 accept, receive, complete, finish, give, allow, decide, refuse 等。
I accept your advice. 我接受你的劝告。
4）系动词，如 seem, remain, lie, see, hear, smell, feel, taste, get, become, turn 等。
You seem a little tired. 你看上去有点累。
五、语法专练
1. ---Did you write to Grace last summer?
---No, but I'll ________ her over Christmas vacation.
A. be seen B. have seen C. be seeing D. to see
2. ---I’m going to the States?
---How long ________ you ________ in the States?
A. are; stayed B. are; staying C. have; stayed D. did; stay
3. I’ve won a holiday for two weeks to
A. am taking B. have taken
C. take D. will have taken
4. Selecting a mobile phone for personal use is no easy task because technology ________ so rapidly.
A. will change B. has changed
C. will have changed D. is changing
5. --- You’ve left the light on.
---Oh, I have ________ and turn it off.
A.I go B. I’ve gone C. I’ll go D. I’m going
6. --- Is this raincoat yours?.
---No, mine ________ there behind the door.
A. is hanging B. has hung C. hangs D. hung
7. --- What’s that terrible noise?
---The neighbours ________ for a party.
A. have prepared B. are preparing C. prepare D. will prepare
8. Because the shop ________, all the T-shirts are sold at half prices.
A. has closed down B. closed down
C. is closing down D. had closed down
9. --- Can I join the club, Dad?
--- You can when you ________ a bit old.
A. get B. will get C. are getting D. will have got
10. I feel it is your husband who ________ for the spoiled child.
A. is to blame B. is going to blame
C. is to be blamed D. should blame
11. At this time tomorrow, ________ over the
A. we’re going to fly B. we’ll be flying
C. we’ll fly D. we’re to fly
12. ---Are you still busy?
--- Yes, I ________ my work, and it won’t take long.
A. just finish B. am just finishing
C. have just finished D. am just going to finish
13. ---Did you tell Julia about the result?
--- Oh, no, I forgot. I ________ her now.
A. will be calling B. will call C. call D. am to call
14. ---What are you going to do this afternoon?
--- I’m going to the cinema with some friends. The film ________ quite early, so we ________ to the bookstore after that.
A. finished; are going B. finished; go
C. finishes; are going D. finishes; go
15. The train ________ for the city at ten, so you have enough time to preparations.
A. leaves B. will be left C. are left D. will leave
答案：1—5 CBADC 6—10 ABCAA 11—15 BBBCA
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