专题十二：名词从句

考点概要：

        在句子中起名词作用的句子叫名词从句 (Noun Clauses)。根据它在句中不同的语法功能，名词从句又可分别称为主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。

 

考点一、考查不同的连接词

引导名词性从句的连接词可分为三类：

连接连词：that, whether, if , as if ,because

连接代词：what, which, who, whom, whose, whatever, whichever, whoever, …

连接副词：when, where, how, why…

一、that

1、主语从句、表语从句、同位语从句中用that但不能省略。

B  1. _____ fashion differs from country to country may reflect the cultural differences from one aspect.  

     A. What　　　 B. That　　　 C. This　　　 D. Which    02上海春考

D  2. I've heard a whisper ________ David and Heather are heading for marriage.

     A．what      B．which      C．who       D．that     08四川2

2、宾语从句中的that

a. 句中的动词后接两个或两个以上的that从句作宾语时，第一个that可省，但后面的that 不可省。

b. 当主句的谓语动词与that宾语从句之间有插入语时, that一般不可省。

c. 当that从句是双宾语中的直接宾语时，that不可省。

d. 当that宾语从句前有it作形式宾语时，that 不可省。

B  1. Having checked the doors were closed, and ____ all the lights were off, the boy opened the door to his bedroom.      

     A. why     B. that    C. when   D. where     07湖南

3、同位语从句与定语从句中that的区别。

同位语从句中的连词that只起连接作用，在从句中不担当任何句子成分；而定语从句中的关系代词that在句中做宾语或主语。

C  1. The fact has worried many scientists ______ the earth is becoming warmer and warmer these years.

     A. what       B. which      C. that       D. though    09江西

B  2. I refuse to accept the blame for something _____ was someone else's fault.

     A.  who   B.  that   C. as  D. what      10全国2

二、what

在名词性从句中what既能引导从句，同时在从句中作主语、宾语、表语或定语，相当于all／everything，常译成“……的（东西／事）”。

C  1. People in Chongqing are proud of ____ they have achieved in the past ten years.

     A. that     B. which    C. what    D. how    08重庆

A  2. A modern city has been set up in ____ was a wasteland ten years ago.

     A. what       B. which         C. that           D. where   04天津

 

三、whether和if的用法。

1、whether和if在宾语从句中可以互换，但是作介词宾语时连接词一般用whether。

2、后面直接跟or not用whether。I don’t know whether or not he’ll come.

3、主语从句、表语从句、同位语从句中只能用whether。

4、whether也可与动词不定式连用但if不能。I don’t know whether to go

5、discuss后不用if。

C  1. We haven't settled the question of ______ it is necessary for him to study abroad.

    A. if   B. where C. whether     D. that    06江苏

B  2. _____we'll go camping tomorrow depends on the weather.

     A. If    B. Whether    C. That   D. Where    96全国

D  3. At first he hated the new job but decided to give himself a few months to see ______ it got any better.

     A. when  B. how    C. why    D. if    09北京

 

四、疑问词 + ever和no matter + 疑问词的区别。

1、引导名词性从句

I will give a prize to whoever (= anyone who) writes best.

B  1. ______ comes will be welcomed to the open-air concert.

     A．Whatever  B．Whoever   C．No matter what         D．No matter who   10上海春考

2、副词用法，whoever, whomever, whatever, whichever引导让步状语从句 (= no matter +)

Whoever (= no matter who) laughs at you, I will stand by you.

C  2. To show our respect, we usually have to take our gloves off _____ we are to shake hands with.

    A. whichever        B. whenever     C. whoever       D. wherever    11重庆

3、however

D  1. ______ hungry I am, I never seem to be able to finish off this loaf of bread.

    A. Whatever            B. Whenever          C. Wherever          D. However   08辽宁

C  2. Queen ElizabethⅡis often to be richest woman in the world._____, her personal wealth seems rather small.   

    A. Besides      B. Otherwise    C. However     D. Altogether    12安徽

 

五、which与what；whichever与whatever

1. which(ever) 强调选择，意为“哪一个”

    I believe whatever (= anything that) he says is right.

    You can choose whichever (= any that) you like best.

2. which, what表示特指；whichever; whatever表示泛指。

D  1. ____team wins on Saturday will go through to the national championships. 

      A. No matter what    B. No matter which   C Whatever   D. Whichever    06 山东

C  2. The poor young man is ready to accept _____ help he can get.      

      A．whichever B．however   C．whatever  D．whenever    05全国2

C  3. Dr. Black comes from either Oxford or Cambridge, I can't remember_____.

     A. where    B. there    C. which    D. that     98全国

C  4. --- Could you do me a favour?

       --- It depends on ______ it is.

     A. which   B. whichever  C. what   D. whatever      06北京

A  5. --- It’s my treat today. Is there any particular meal you would like to have?

       --- _____ you choose is all right with me.

    A. Whatever     B. What     C. Anything what    D. No matter what

 

六、who与whoever

1、whoever引导的从句指代的是人。who引导的从句指代的是事；

2、 whoever 的含义是：the person who... 或anyone who...(无论(不管)是谁)。who常保留本身疑问的含义，即“谁”；

3、 whoever引导名词从句既作从句的主语，又作主句的主语。who只作从句的主语。

Whoever comes first will get the first prize.   Who will come to have dinner is not known.

C  1. We promise____attends the party a chance to have a photo taken with the movie star.

     A. who    B. whom     C. whoever    D. whomever      12福建

C  2. Could I speak to ______ is in charge of International Sales please?

     A. who      B. what   C. whoever     D. whatever   09全国1

A  3. It was a matter of _____ would take the position.

     A. who   B. whoever　　C. whom   D. whomever

 

七、where，when，why 等连接副词引导的名词性从句

where，when，why 等连接副词也可以引导名词性从句，使用的关键是：这个词必须符合句子的逻辑要求。

D  1. I'm afraid he's more of a talker than a doer, which is______ he never finishes anything. 11山东

     A. that   B. when   C. where   D. why

C  2. The last time we had great fun was _____ we were visiting the Water Park.

     A. where      B. how      C. when      D. why    08天津

D  3. Tomorrow is Tom's birthday. Have you got any idea ______ the party is to be held?

     A. what    B. which    C. that    D. where    08陕西

 

八、“介词 + who(m) 引导的宾语从句

介词后面的引导词用主格还是宾语，决定于它在宾语从句中作主语还是宾语。

D  1. The bow-to book can be of help to ______ wants to do the job.

     A  who   B whomever  C no matter who  D whoever   09陕西

考点二、语序

名词性从句在句中要用陈述句语序。

 D  1. Someone is ringing the doorbell. Go and see _______.

      A. who is he    B. who he is     C. who is it    D. who it is   00上海

 

考点三、时态

1．在宾语从句中，当主句是一般现在时，其从句的谓语根据各种需要用各种时态。但是，宾语从句表示事实、格言、谚语等，从句的时态仍用一般现在时。

2．在主语从句、表语从句或同位语从句中，也要注意主从句的谓语动词要一致，关键要注意动作发生的先后。

B  1. A lot of people often forget that oral exams ______ to test our communicative ability．

     A．design        B．are designed    C．are designing   D．are being designed   10上海春考

D  2. ---- I hear Jane has gone to the Holy Island for her holiday.

        ---- Oh, how nice! Do you know when she ______ ?

    A. was leaving   B. had left   C. has left       D. left    04湖南

 

考点四、语气

注意名词性从句中有时需使用虚拟语气。

D  1. The doctor recommended that you _____ swim after eating a large meal.

     A  wouldn't    B couldn't     C needn't     D shouldn't    09浙江

C  2. The workers will go on strike if the demands they ________ put forward are turned down.

     A. could     B. would     C. 不填     D. had    06福建

B  3. ---- Don't you think it necessary that he _______ to Miami but to New York?

       ---- I agree, but the problem is ________ he has refused to.

     A. will not be sent; that           B. not be sent; that

     C. should not be sent; what        D. should not send; what     05江苏

B  4. How I wish every family ______ a large house with a beautiful garden!

      A. has　　 B. had　　　 C. will have　　　 D. had had    02上海春考

 

考点五、宾语从句否定词的转移

C  1. I don't suppose anyone will volunteer, ______?

     A. do I      B. don't I    C. will they       D. won't they    01上海

B  2. I'm sure you'd rather she went to school by bus, ________?

     A. hadn't you     B. wouldn’t you     C. aren’t I      D. didn’t she    06福建

 

考点六、主谓一致问题

1. 只有一套主谓结构的主语从句，谓语用单数

2. 含有两套主谓结构并列出现于主语从句时，用复数

3. what引导的主语从句，谓语随表语变

A  1. Professor James will give us a lecture on the Western culture, but when and where ______ yet.

     A. hasn't been decided    B. haven't decided   C. isn't being decided        D. aren't decided  07浙江