专题八：非谓语动词

考点概要：

非谓语动词：包括不定式to do，动名词doing，过去分词done及现在分词doing

 

高考考点：

Ⅰ、分词的考点

一、分词的句法功能：

1. 分词作定语

B  1. Prices of daily goods _________ through a computer can be lower than store prices.

    A. are bought   B. bought  C. been bought D. buying   02安徽春考

A  2. Will those ________ the children from abroad come to the headmaster’s office?

    A. teaching  B. teach  C. who teaches D. who teaching   00上海春考

D  3. The lady said she would buy a gift for her daughter with the _______.

    A. 20 dollars remained     B. 20 dollars to remain 

    C. remained 20 dollars     D. remaining 20 dollars

2. 分词作表语

D  1. It is believed that if a book is _________, it will surely ________ the reader.

    A. interested; interest            B. interesting; be interested 

    C. interested; be interesting    D. interesting; interest    03上海春考

C  2. Tom knew he would certainly get________  if he was late home．

    A．shout at    B．to shout at    C．shouted at   D．to be shouted at  08四川2

B  3. Please remain ______; the winner of the prize will be announced soon.

    A. seating         B. seated           C. to seat             D. to be seated   08辽宁

3. 分词作状语

B  1. He sent me an e-mail, ________ to get further information.

    A. hoped  B. hoping   C. to hope   D. hope    00上海

A  2. _________ by a greater demand for vegetables, farmers have built more green houses.

    A. Driven        B. Being driven      C. To drive    D. Having driven   07浙江

C  3. ______ your composition carefully, some spelling mistakes can be avoided.

    A. Having checked  B. Check  C. If you check  D. To check

D  4. Finding her car stolen, ________ .

    A. a policeman was asked to help   B. the area was searching thoroughly

    C. it was looked for everywhere     D. she hurried to a policeman for help  01上海

4. 分词作补语

B  1. A cook will be immediately fired if he is found ________ in the kitchen.

    A. smoke  B. smoking  C. to smoke  D. smoked     03全国

A  2. The managers discussed the plan that they would like to see ________ the next year.

    A. carried out  B. carrying out  C. carry out  D. to carry out     00全国

二、含分词的独立结构

分词有其独立的逻辑主语，这种主语常常是名词或代词的主格形式，置于现代分词之前，二者构成一种分词独立结构。

A  1. John received an invitation to dinner, and with his work ________, he gladly accepted it.

    A. finished     B. finishing     C. having finished  D. was finished    07安徽

B  2. --- Come on, please give me some ideas about the project.

       --- Sorry. With so much work ______ my mind, I almost break down.

    A. filled     B. filling  C. to fill   D. being filled    07福建

B  3. The country has already sent up three unmanned spacecraft, the most recent ______ at the end of last March. 

    A．has been launched   B．having been launched  C．being launched  D．to be launched  07山东

三、“连词＋分词”结构

分词短语常常可以跟在一些介词或连词如after, before, since, when, while, whenever, once, until, on之后。

C  1. When ______ different cultures, we often pay attention only to the differences without noticing the many   similarities.   

    A. compared       B. being compared  C. comparing  D. having compared   06浙江

B  2. Generally speaking, ________ according to the directions, the drug has no side effect.

    A. when taking  B. when taken  C. when to take  D. when to be taken   03上海春考

 

Ⅱ、动名词考点

一、动名词句法功能

（一）主语

并列句中用动名词作主语时应具备一致性，即两个分句都应用动名词作主语。

D  1. Fishing is his favorite hobby, and______.   01上海

    A. he'd like to collect coins as well    B. he feels like collecting coins, too

    C. to collect coins is also his hobby   D. collecting coins also gives him great pleasure

B  2. Eugene's never willing to alter any of his opinions. It's no use __________ with him.

    A. to argue           B. arguing       C. argued          D. having argued    06上海

（二）宾语

B  1. All the staff in our company are considering  ______ to the city centre for the fashion show.

    A．to go   B．going C．to have gone    D．having gone    07上海春考

A  2. In some parts of London, missing a bus means ____ for another hour.

    A. waiting  B. to wait  C. wait  D. to be waiting     02上海春考

（三）表语

动名词作表语注意一致性，另外动名词说明主语的内容，对其提问应用 what.

B  1. The next thing he saw was smoke ____ from behind the house.

    A. rose      B. rising  C. to rise D. risen    11全国1

C  2. The purpose of new technologies is making life easier, ___ it more difficult.

    A. not make  B. not to make  C. not making  D. do not make

（四）定语

二、考查动名词复杂形式

动名词除一般式外还有否定式、完成式、被动式和完成被动式等复杂形式，解题时考生应具有综合分析意识。

D  1. Tony was very unhappy for ____ to the party.

    A. having not been invited      B. not having invited 

    C. having not invited             D. not having been invited    00上海

三、考查动名词复合结构

 “名词所有格（不位于句首时可用名词普通格替换）或形容词性物主代词（不位于句首时可由人称代词宾语替换）+ 动名词”可构成带逻辑主语的动名词结构作主语、宾语和表语。

C  1. The discovery of new evidence led to ____ .

    A. the thief having caught     B. catch the thief 

    C. the thief being caught       D. the thief to be caught   03上海春考

C  2. Victor apologized for ____ to inform me of the change in the plan.

    A. his being not able       B. him not to be able

    C. his not being able       D. him to be not able    04上海春考

D  3. I really can't understand ______ her like that.

    A. you treat      B. you to treat   C. why treat    D. you treating   05安徽

 

Ⅲ、不定式考点

一、不定式的句法功能

1. 作主语

A  1. It's important for the figures _____ regularly.

    A. to be updated   B. to have been updated   C. to update   D. to have updated    11北京

2. 作宾语

D  1. There is nothing more I can try ______ you to stay, so I wish you good luck.

     A. being persuaded        B. persuading  C. to be persuaded              D. to persuade   07上海

C  2. I can't stand ______ with Jane in the same office. She just refuses _______ talking while she works.

    A. working ; stopping      B. to work ; stopping    C. working ; to stop    D. to work ; to stop   06北京

D  3. Nowadays people sometimes separate their waste to make it easier for it ______  .

    A. reusing        B. reused       C. reuses       D. to be reused  09湖南

3. 作表语

B  Having a trip abroad is certainly good for the old couple, but it remains ______ whether they will enjoy it.

    A. to see  B. to be seen  C. seeing  D. seen      02全国

4. 定语

C  1. The play ______ next month aims mainly to reflect the local culture．

    A. produced    B. being produced  C. to be produced   D. having been produced  09安徽

C  2. With a lot of difficult problems _________, the newly-elected president is having a hard time.

    A. settled  B. settling  C. to settle  D. being settled   02上海春考

5. 状语

B  1. _______, you need to give all you have and try your best.

    A. Being a winner  B. To be a winner  C. Be a winner     D. Having been a winner  09辽宁

C  2. I feel greatly honored ____ into their society.

    A. to welcome    B. welcoming  C. to be welcomed   D. welcomed  08北京

6. 作补足语

C  1. Charles Babbage is generally considered ______ the first computer.

    A. to invent  B. inventing  C. to have invented  D. having invented

C  2. The director had her assistant ___ some hot dogs for the meeting.

    A. picked up   B. picks up   C. pick up   D. picking up   08全国2

比较：C  3. With the world changing fast, we have something new _______with all by ourselves every day.

               A. deal     B. dealt    C. to deal      D. dealing   09重庆

 

二、对不定式中省略的考查

B  1、Paul doesn’t have to be made _________. He always works hard.

    A. learn    B. to learn    C. learned   D. learning     95全国

A  2. --- What's the matter with Della?

       --- Well, her parents wouldn't allow her to go to the party, but she still __

     A. hopes to      B. hopes so  C. hopes not   D. hopes for  09江苏

A  3. He told us whether ______ a picnic was still under discussion.

    A. to have　　　B. having　　　 C. have　　 D. had   09四川

D  4. The man we followed suddenly stopped and looked as if ______ whether he was going in the right direction.  

     A seeing     B having seen  C to have seen     D to see   03安徽春考

A  5. Sandy could do nothing but _______ to his teacher that he was wrong.

    A. admit      B. admitted      C. admitting  D. to admit  01上海春考

三、对不定式时态的考查

A  1. Police are now searching for a woman who is reported to ____ since the flood hit the area last Friday.

    A. have been missing    B. have got lost   C. be missing   D. get lost   06山东

A  2、Robert is said ______ abroad, but I don't know what country he studied in.

    A. to have studied B. to study C. to be studying D. to have been studying     99全国

四、对不定式语态的考查

A  1. The children talked so loudly at dinner table that I had to struggle ________.

    A. to be heard B. to have heard    C. hearing     D. being heard    07浙江

C  2. Mr. Green stood up in defence of the 16-year-old boy, saying that he was not the one ______ .

    A．blamed    B．blaming     C．to blame    D．to be blamed   06安徽

五、对不定式否定形式的考查

D  1. The teacher asked us _______ so much noise.

    A．don’t make    B．not make  C．not making              D．not to make  03北京

六、对不定式特殊用法的考查：

D  1. In order to make our city green, ________.

    A. it is necessary to have planted more trees    B. many more trees need to plant

    C. our city needs more trees                           D. we must plant more trees   02上海春考