专题七：语态

考点概要

英语动词有两种语态：主动语态和被动语态。主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者，被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者。题目中语态经常与时态结合。

 

考点：

1．常用于固定句式

It is hoped that...(希望……)；It is believed that...(据信……)；It’s supposed that...(据推测……)；It’s thought that...(有人认为……)；It’s said that...(据说……)

It’s supposed that he will be elected president. 据推测他将当选总统。

He is supposed to be elected president.

2．在主动语态中，感官动词后含有省略to的不定式作宾语补足语，在改为被动语态时，不定式符号to不能省略。

She is often heard to sing in her room. 经常听到她在房间里唱歌。

3．“get＋过去分词”可看作系表结构，如get changed换衣服；get washed洗脸；get lost迷路等。

More and more people are getting attacked in the underground these days.

近来，越来越多的人在地铁里遭到袭击。

4．主动形式表被动意义

(1) 系动词look，feel，sound，smell，taste，seem,  appear, go，prove，turn等＋形容词/名词。

Ice feels cold.冰摸上去冷。

His plan proved (to be) practical. 他的计划被证明符合实际。

(2) 表示主语的某种属性的词：read，write，sell，wash，clean，wear，open，look，shut等。

--- What about the books? 这些书怎么样？

--- Books of this kind sell well. 这种书很畅销。

练习：

A  1. The message is very important, so it is supposed _____ as soon as possible.

   A. to be sent      B. to send       C. being sent      D. sending   08陕西

A  2. It is often _____ that human beings are naturally equipped to speak.

   A. said       B. to say     C. saying     D. being said    09全国2

B  3. Paul doesn't have to be made ____. He always works hard.

   A. learn   B. to learn  C. learned   D learning   95全国

A  4. Mum, I was wondering if you could lend me a few dollars until I ____ on Friday.

   A. get paid     B. got paid    C. have paid      D. had been paid   12辽宁

C  5. --- Do you like the material?

       --- Yes, it ____ very soft.

   A. is feeling   B. felt    C. feels   D. is felt     94全国

C  6. The flowers were so lovely that they ______ in no time.

   A. sold         B. had been sold  C. were sold         D. would sell    07全国1