Unit 1 Cultural relics
survive, design, fancy, doubt, in search of, belong to, at war, think highly of, 情态动词+ have done
1. survive vt. 比…活得长；（经过…）活（保存）下来
vi. 活下来；幸存；残留
survive sth 在…之后仍然生存，从…中逃生
survive sb (by…) 比…活得长（几年）
survive on sth 靠…存活下来
survive from sth 从…存活下来；流传下来
survivor n. 生还者
survival n.[U] 存活，幸存
[C] 残存物；幸存事物
eg: Many birds didn’t survive the severe winter.
Of the six people injured in the crash, only two survived.
Some strange customs have survived from earlier times.
注：The old man survived the earthquake, but nobody knew how he survived. Finally, he survived his wife by 10 years.
2. design n.[C]设计样式；设计图样；(pl.)不良意图；图谋[U]设计工艺；设计布局；意图
vt. 设计，计划；目的是；打算给
by design = on purpose 有意，故意
have designs on / upon sth (money / life)
图谋（钱、生命等）
be designed to do sth 为某目的或用途而制造或be designed as sth 计划
eg: The magazine will appear in a new design from next month.
They asked me to design a poster for the campaign.
The method is specifically designed for use in small groups.
3. fancy adj. 奇特的；异样的
vt. 想像；设想；爱好
n. 想像；爱好
fancy clothes 奇装异服
fancy goods 精美小商品
fancy + n. + (as) + n.
fancy (sb’s) doing 想像（某人）做某事
fancy that 认为 / 以为…
have a fancy for 爱好
catch / take sb’s fancy 合某人的心意；吸引某人
take a fancy to sb / sth 喜欢上某人 / 某物
eg: Do you fancy going out this evening?
She fancied herself (as / to be) a serious actress.
She fancied that she heard footsteps behind her.
注：fancy用作动词，有时用于祈使句，表示惊奇、不相信、震惊等，后加名词、代词等作宾语，如Fancy meeting you here！
4. doubt n. 怀疑；疑惑
vt. 怀疑；不信
1 n.常与about / of等介词连用，其后也可接同位语从句。doubt用在否定句中，后面接that引导的同位语从句；用在肯定句中，后面接whether引导的同位语从句。注意不可以用if替换whether。
2 vt.后接名词、代词或宾语从句。在否定句和疑问句中，doubt后面接that引导的宾语从句；在肯定句中，doubt后面一般接whether或if引导的宾语从句。
3 由doubt组成的一些短语：
in doubt 怀疑；拿不定主意
no / without / beyond doubt 无疑地；必定；当然
There is no doubt about… / that-clause 毫无疑问…
eg: There is no doubt at all that we did the right thing.
I never doubted that she would come.
I doubt whether / if the new one will be any better.
This meeting has been, without doubt, one of the most useful we have had so far.
5. in search of 寻找
in one’s / the search for 寻找，寻求
search (sb / sth) for sb / sth 为了找到某人 / 某物而搜…
in memory of 为了纪念
in favor of 支持，赞同
in honour of 为了纪念；为向…表示敬意
in (the) hope of 抱有…的希望
in terms of 谈及；就…而言；在…方面
in view of 鉴于，由于
eg: I went off in search of a garage where I could buy some petrol.
The police searched the suspect but found no weapon on him.
He searched desperately for something to say.
注：in search of中search前不带任何限制词，但search前若有the，a或one’s时，介词则用for。
6. belong to 属于；为…的一员
belong to表示“是…的财产（属于）/ 是…的组成部分（属于）/ 是…的成员（属于）”。不用于被动语态和进行时态。
belong还可用于除to以外的其他介词或副词前面，表示“某人 / 某物处在适当的位置；在这个地方正合适 / 有用”。
belongings n. 财产，所有物，相关事物
eg: Lions and tigers belong to the cat family.
Have you ever belonged to a political party?
Where do these plates belong?
7. at war 处于交战状态
at work 在上班
at play 在玩
at peace 处于和平中
at school 在上学
at breakfast 在吃早饭
at table 在吃饭
at desk 在学习
at rest 静止
eg: The two countries have been at war for years.
At rest the insect looks like a dead leaf.
The countries have been at peace for more than a century.
注：on也可表示“在…中”，常见搭配有：on duty / sale / fire / strike / business / show等。
under表示“在…”中，常见搭配有：under way / control / repair / construction等。
8. think highly of 看重；器重
think well / much of… 认为…好；对…评价高
think ill / poorly / not much / little of…
认为…不好，对…评价不高
think about 考虑，关心
think of 想起，记得，觉得怎样
think of…as 把…当做…
think over 仔细考虑
think nothing of 不把…当回事
speak highly of 高度赞扬
speak well / ill of 说…好 / 坏
sing high praise for 高度赞扬
eg: We all think highly of her.
He thinks nothing of walking four miles to work and back every day.
I don’t think much of her idea.
注：当think highly / well / much of…用于被动结构时，修饰动词的副词应放在动词之前，即：be highly / well / much thought of。
9. Frederick William Ⅰ, the king of Prussia, could never have imagined that his greatest gift to the Russian People would have such an amazing history.
情态动词 + have done的用法：
could have done 本能做某事却未做
couldn’t / can’t have done 对过去的否定推测，表“不可能干了某事”
must have done 对过去的肯定推测，表“一定干了某事”
may / might have done对过去的推测，表“可能已经干了某事”
needn’t have done本不必做某事却做了
should have done本该做而未做
shouldn’t have done本不该做却做了
eg: She may have said so.
In those circumstances we could have done better.
You should have told me this earlier.
Can / Could he have read the book?
练习：
1. In such dry weather the flowers will have to be watered if they .
A. have survived B. are to survive
C. would survive D. will survive
2. Whether by accident or , he arrived too late to help us.
A. purpose B. aim C. design D. chance
3. He fancies himself a pop star.
A. to be B. as C. / D. all of the above
4. You may have your own decision on this matter, and I have little doubt you will succeed.
A. if B. whether C. that D. what
5.
A. in favor of B. in case of
C. in view of D. in terms of
6. A police officer was sent to the crime.
A. search B. explore C. survey D. investigate
7. He took away the bag not to him by mistake.
A. belonged B. belong
C. belonging D. belongs
8. Leading the US women’s volleyball team back to her hometown for the Beijing Olympic Games, Lang Ping felt when she saw some familiar faces.
A. at home B. at heart C. at will D. at sight
9. I’m so busy while he is play.
A. on B. at C. on the D. at the
10. His work was by his boss.
A. high thought B. high thought of
C. good thought D. well thought of
11. ---
---Yes, but I her just before her final exams.
A. shouldn’t tell B. shouldn’t have told
C. needn’t tell D. mustn’t have told
12. The boy the book so soon because it is difficult even to an adult.
A. has finished reading
B. will finish reading
C. can’t have finished reading
D. can’t have finished to read
Unit 1 Cultural relics
1—5 BCDCD 6—10 DCABD 11—12 BC
