Unit 1 Art
aim, adopt, possess, attempt, appeal, a great deal, on the other hand, scores of
1. aim n. 瞄准；目标；目的
vt. 瞄准；对准；旨在
without aim 漫无目的地
with the aim of 以期…，意在…
achieve one’s aim 达到目的
take aim at 向…瞄准
aim at / for sth 力求达到
aim at doing sth 力争做到
aim to do sth 旨在做某事
be aimed at 目的是，旨在
aimless adj. 无目的的
eg: Research is being done with the specific aim of monitoring customer trends.
He took aim at the bird, fired and missed it.
I’m aiming to lose
2. adopt vt. 采用；采纳；收养
adopt an approach / strategy / policy
采用某方法 /战略 / 政策
adopted adj. 领养的
an adopted son 养子
辨析adopt / adapt：
1 adopt采用；采纳；收养；正式通过
2 adapt改编；使适应
eg: My mother was adopted when she was four.
Our school has adopted a new teaching method.
His adopted son went abroad last week.
The young couple had no children of their own and adopted an orphan. After a few months, the child came to adapt to his new life.
3. possess vt. 拥有；具有；支配
possession n.
be in one’s possession (或be in the possession of)
为…所有；归…所有
be in possession of sth 拥有；占有某物
have possession of 拥有（指买来或从别人那里拿来）
take possession of sth 拥有（占有）某物；拿到某物
possessed adj.
be possessed of 具有（某种品质、能力等）
eg: They used all the money they possessed.
The finance company now has possession of the house.
She is possessed of a wonderfully calm temperament.
4. attempt n. 努力；尝试；企图
vt. 尝试；企图
make an attempt to do / doing / at doing… 尝试做…
at one’s first attempt 第一次尝试
in an attempt to do sth 试图做某事，希望做某事
attempt + n. / pron. 尝试…
attempt to do / at doing 尝试（试图）做某事
attempted adj. 未遂的
attempted murder 谋杀未遂
辨析attempt / try / manage：
1 attempt正式用语，常指一次的而不是继续的尝试，往往暗示这种尝试达不到目的，常包含“冒险”意义。
2 try通俗用语，指为成功做某事而付出努力或花费一定代价，后接不定式表示“试图做某事”，后接动名词表示“试着做某事”。
3 manage“成功地做某事”，强调结果。
eg: Someone has made an attempt on the President’s life.
I passed my driving test at the first attempt.
The prisoners attempted an escape, but failed.
5. appeal vi. 有感染力；呼吁；求助
vt. 将…上诉 n. 呼吁；恳求
appeal (to sb) for sth 呼吁…
appeal to sb 吸引某人
appeal to sb to do sth 恳求 / 呼吁某人做某事
appeal for 恳求；呼吁
make / launch an appeal 发出呼吁
appealing adj. 有吸引力的；有趣的；求助的；恳求的
eg: The police are appealing to the public for information about the crime.
Does the idea of working abroad appeal to you?
Bob launched an urgent appeal for the famine victims.
6. a great deal 许多；大量
a great deal （名词短语）大量；许多 作主语、宾语
a great / good deal（副词短语）可用于形容词、副词比较级前加强程度，也可用来修饰动词作状语。
+ 不可数名词 + 单数谓语
much
many + 复数名词 + 复数谓语
a number of
lots of +
plenty of 不可数名词 + 单数谓语
+不可数名词 +
large amounts of 复数谓语
quantities of + + 复数谓语
不可数名词
eg: He talks a great deal but done little.
It’s a great deal faster to travel by plane than by bus.
A great deal of their work is unpaid.
7. on the other hand （可是）另一方面
1 on (the) one hand…on the other hand…（引出不同的，尤指对立的观点、思想等）一方面…，另一方面（却）…
2 first(ly)…; second(ly)… 第一…；第二…
3 for one thing…for another 一则…，二则…
eg: On the one hand I want to sell the house, but on the other hand I can’t bear the thought of moving.
Firstly, I would like to thank everyone who has contributed to this success.
I’m not going to buy it; for one thing I don’t like the colour, and for another it’s far too expensive.
8. scores of 许多；大量
tens 数十（个等）
hundreds 许多；数百
thousands + of 许多；成千上万
tens of thousands 大量；无数；数以万计的
millions 大量；无数；数百万
billions 大量；无数；数十亿
several score
of these pictures 这些画中的数十幅
eg: There are scores of rooms in the hotel.
I’ve seen the film scores of times.
Tens of thousands of people were killed in the earthquake on May 12th, 2008.
9. It is amazing that so many great works of art from the late 19th century to the 21st century are housed in the same museum.
it在句中作形式主语，真正的主语是that从句。it句型总结：
1 It is + adj. (+ for sb / sth) + to do sth
用于此句型的形容词有：easy, hard, difficult, possible, important, impossible, necessary, good, bad, exciting, interesting, surprising等。
2 It is + n. (+ for sb / sth) + to do sth
用于此句型的名词有：pity, shame, pleasure, one’s duty, one’s job, fun, joy, good manners, bad manners等。
3 It is + adj. + of sb + to do sth
此句型中的形容词主要描述某人的品德、特征。该句型的形容词有：kind, nice, wise, brave, silly, polite, impolite, friendly, foolish, clever等。
4 It is + adj. (+ n.) + doing sth
此句型中的形容词和名词常见的有：no / little use, no good, useless等。
5 It is + 及物动词的过去分词 + that从句
此句型中常见的及物动词的过去分词有：said, told, known, reported, recorded, thought, believed, considered等。
6 It + 不及物动词 + that从句
此句型中不及物动词常见的有：seem, happen, appear, matter等。
7 强调句型：It is / was + 被强调部分 + that / who从句
在使用强调句型时要注意，指人且作主语时可以用who或that，其他情况一律用that。
8 It is / has been + 一段时间 + since从句。
eg: It is illegal for an adult to drive a car without a license.
It’s no use arguing with him.
It is very kind of you to help me with my English.
It’s said that he is doing fine in school.
练习：
1. He fired (没有瞄准).
2. These measures (旨在) cutting down government expenditure.
3. French fashionable dress has been by people in many parts of the world.
A. adopting B. adopted C. adapted D. adapting
4. The problem is that there will be no one if you ask for leave. The company might get out of order.
A. in possession B. in charge
C. in sight D. in place
5. 她尝试跟不同的公司接触。
She to get in touch with different companies.
6. 他没打算获得医学学位。
He made to take a medical degree.
7. 他被控告谋杀未遂。
He was accused of .
8. Traffic restrictions have come into effect in
to improve the capital’s air quality and traffic situation for the 2008 Olympics.
A. in order that B. in an attempt
C. at an attempt D. in a try
9. It’s a reference book intended to mainly to students of grade 3.
A. appeal B. attach C. contribute D. refer
10. Teaching as a career to many people because of the long holidays.
A. attracts B. calls C. appeals D. pulls
11. 自从上次考试失败后，他发生了很大变化。
12. 这部车比那部车便宜得多。
13. 他花很多钱买参考书。
14. 一方面我有很多工作要做，另一方面，我有很多来宾要接待。
15. She bought eggs yesterday, but there were
them broken.
A. two scores of; scores of
B. scores of; two scores of
C. scores of; two score of
D. score of; two scores
16. is our great honor that we succeeded in holding the 2008 Olympic Games in
A. It B. There C. That D. This
17. excited the world greatly that Bolt broke the world record of the 100-meter dash in the Beijing Olympics.
A. It B. That C. What D. As
Unit 1 Art
1. without aiming 2. are aimed at 3—4 BB 5. attempted 6. no attempt
7. attempted murder 8—10 BAC
11. He has changed a great deal since the last failure in the exam.
12. This car is a great deal cheaper than that one.
13. He spends a great deal of money on reference books.
14. On one hand I have a lot of work to do, on the other hand, I have many visitors to see.
15—17 CAA
