专题十五：主谓一致

考点概要

主谓一致是指：

1） 语法一致，即单复数形式与谓语要一致。

2） 意义一致，即主语意义上的单复数要与谓语的单复数形式一致。

3） 就近原则，即谓语动词的单复形式取决于最靠近它的词语。

 

考点一、谓语用单数

一、表示度量、距离、金额、时间、价值等复数名词看作一个整体。

B  1. A survey of the opinions of experts ____ that three hours of outdoor exercise a week ____ good for one’s  health       A. show; are     B. shows; is     C. show; is    D. shows; are    07江西

二、国名、书报名、剧名、地名、组织名等专有名词作主语时，谓语动词用单数。

D  1.The teacher together with the students ____discussing Reading Skills that _____newly published in America.    

     A. are; were  B. is; were      C. are; was     D. is;  was    09四川

三、动名词，不定式，从句做主语时，谓语动词用单数。

C  1. Listening to loud music at rock concerts _____ caused hearing loss in some teenagers.

     A. is       B. are      C. has      D. have     10湖南

四、并列主语指的是“同一个”人（事、物、抽象概念），作单数用。

A  1. A poet and artist_____ coming to speak to us about Chinese literature and painting tomorrow afternoon.

     A. is     B. are      C. was    D. were    06江苏

A  2. Professor James will give us a lecture on the Western culture, but when and where ____ yet.

    A. hasn't been decided    B. haven't decided  C. isn't being decided   D. aren't decided  07浙江

   Truth and honesty is the best policy. 真诚是最好的策略。

五、each (every/ no/ many a)+名词单数+and +each (every/ no/ many a) +名词单数

D  1. --- Did you go to the show last night?

        ---Yeah. Every boy and girl in the area _____ invited

     A. were   B. have been     C. has been      D. was   08陕西

六、many a (more than one)+名词单数

D  1. It is reported that many a new house ______ at present in the disaster area.

     A. are being built   B. were being built   C. was being built  D. is being built   10陕西

七、one in/ out of +名词复数，用单数。

    One out of ten students was saved in the accident.

 

考点二、谓语用复数

一、某些集体名词如people、police、cattle、oxen、folk, 只当复数看待，谓语动词必须用复数。

    The police are searching for him.

二、山脉（the Himalayas）、群岛(the Philippines)、瀑布(the Nigara Falls)等名词作主语时，谓语动词用复数。      

    The Philippines lie to the southeast of China. (群岛)

三、the +姓的复数

    The Bakes are coming to China.

四、the Chinese (French/ Japanese…)表某国家人；

    名词化的形容词作主语（这类词有the rich、the poor、the injured、the living等）。

     The French are not the same as the English in humor.

 

考点三、视情况而定

一、不定代词most, rest, all, some等单独作主语时，视其在文中的意义，动词可用单数或复数形式。

B  1. Most of what has been said about the Smiths _____ also true of the Johnsons．

     A．are      B．is    C．being    D．to be    06安徽

D  2. The factory used 65 percent of the raw materials, the rest of which _____ saved for other purposes.

     A. is     B. are      C. was     D. were    11安徽

二、单复数同形的名词。（sheep, deer, means，series，species，crossroads）。作单数时，谓语用单数；反之谓语用复数。

C  1. Every possible means _____ to prevent the air pollution, but the sky is still not clear.

     A. is used    B. are used   C. has been used   D. have been used   00上海春考

    All means have been tried.（所有办法）

三、a number of +复数名词，常作复数用。the number+ of + 复数名词，作单数。

C  1. The number of people invited_____ fifty, but a number of them ____ absent for different reasons.

     A. were; was    B. was; was    C. was; were    D. were; were   96全国

四、a large quantity of +名词(单复数)，与名词保持一致；large quantities of +名词(单复数), 用复数

D  1. --- Why does the Lake smell terrible?

       --- Because large quantities of water ______ .

     A. have polluted    B. is being polluted   C. has been polluted   D. have been polluted  09福建

B  2. As a result of destroying the forests, a large ____ of desert ____ covered the land.

     A. number; has      B. quantity; has  C. number; have              D. quantity; have  01上海

五、a majority of +名词复数，用复数；The majority of +名词作主语时，取决于名词的单复数。

A  1. One-third of the country _____ covered with trees and the majority of the citizens_____ black people.

     A is; are     B is; is       C are; are     D are; is   11湖南

六、“分数或百分数 +名词”构成的短语，通常依其“具体所指”来决定单、复数。

D  1. The company had about 20 notebook computers but only one-third _____ used regularly. Now we have 60 working all day long.   A. is     B. are      C. was    D. were    06浙江

C  2. _______of the land in that district _______covered with trees and grass.

     A. Two fifth; is     B. Two fifth; are  C. Two fifths; is    D. Two fifths; are   00上海

七、在“one of +复数名词结构

A  1. At present, one of the arguments in favor of the new airport ____ that it will bring a lot of jobs to the area.

      A. is     B. are      C. will be     D. was   09江西

D  2. He is the only one of the students who _____a winner of scholarship for three years.

     A. is　　　 B. are　　　 C. have been　　　 D. has been   02上海春考

八、当主语后面跟有as well as、along with、with、together with、like、rather than、but、except、besides、including、in addition to等引导的词组时，采取“就远原则”

A  1. Dr.Smith, together with his wife and daughters , _____ visit Beijing this summer.

   A  is going to   B are going to    C was going to   D  were going to  09陕西

C  2. Professor Smith, along with his assistants, ____ on the project day and night to meet the deadline.

    A. work B. working     C. is working        D. are working    05上海

A  3. The teacher, with 6 girls and 8 boys of her class, _______ visiting a museum when the earthquake struck.

    A. was      B. were       C. had been    D. would be   04北京

C  4. The father as well as his 3 children _____ skating on the frozen river every Sunday afternoon in winter.

    A. is going             B. go              C. goes          D. are going   06辽宁

D  5. All the employees except the manager______to work online at home.

    A. encourages    B. encourage      C. is encouraged    D. are encouraged  04广东

A  6. No one in the department but Tom and I _____ that the director is going to resign.

    A. knows         B. know    C. have known     D. am to know  04上海春考

C  7. Traditional folk arts of Tianjin like paper cutting ____ at the culture show of the 2010 Shanghai World Expo. 

    A. are exhibiting   B. is exhibiting  C. are being exhibited   D. is being exhibited  10天津

A  8. Such poets as Shakespeare____ widely read，of whose works，however，some____difficult to understand．

    A．are；are    B．is；is    C．are；is   D．is：are   10四川

九、以or、either … or、neither … nor、not only … but also；whether…or；not…but;等连接的词作主语时，采取“就近原则”。

B  1. Either you or one of your students ______ to attend the meeting that is due tomorrow.

    A. are       B. is       C. have   D. be    09湖南

十、某些集体名词如family、team等作主语时，如果作为一个整体看待，谓语用单数，反之用复数。

     My family is going out for a trip. The whole family are watching TV.

十一、一些由两个部分构成的名词表示衣物或工具作主语时，谓语通常用复数形式。如glasses、clothes、trousers、shoes、scissors等。但如果主语用a kind of、a pair of、a series of等加名词构成时，谓语动词一般用单数形式。Her trousers are beautiful indeed.      A pair of shoes was on the desk.

十二、population当人口讲时，谓语动词用单数形式；当人们讲时，谓语动词用复数。

    The population of China is larger than that of Japan.

    One third of the population here are workers.

十三、a large amount of修饰不可数名词，其短语作主语时，谓语动词通常用单数；large amounts of修饰不可数名词，其短语作主语时，谓语动词通常用复数。

十四、a variety of +名词(单复数)，与名词保持一致；varieties of +名词(单复数), 用复数；the variety of +复数名词, 用单数。

    A great variety of drawings are on show in that hall.

   There was a variety of information stored in the computer.

   The variety of changes in our country shows the wisdom of our Chinese political leaders.

十五、an average of +名词复数，用复数；the average of +名词复数，用单数

   An average of four books were given out to the students.

   The average of 6, 4 and 2 is 4.

十六、a total of +名词复数，用复数；the total of +名词复数，用单数

   A total of 90 scientists were invited to take part in the discussion.

   The total of books given out to us is 1000.

十七、"a / an + 单名+ and a half"常接单数谓语；“one and a half +复名”多接复数谓语。

   A year and a half has passed.    One and a half tons of rice are sold .

十八、"a / an + 单名+ or two " 大多接单数谓语： "one or two + 复名"接复数谓语。

   Only a word or two is needed.    One or two reasons were suggested .