专题九：情态动词
考点概要
情态动词的基本用法。情态动词在句中表推测的用法是考试的热点。英语里的情态动词主要有：can(could), may(might), must, need, shall, should (ought to), will, would, dare, used to。情态动词没有人称和数的变化。除must, need, ought to外，其他情态动词有表示过去时的形式变化
考点一、can的常考点
一、表示能力（be able to表示“实现了的能力”）
C 1、If it were not for the fact that she _____ sing, I would invite her to the party.
A. couldn't B. shouldn't C. can't D. might not 06福建
二、表示请求和允许（表示征求时，不能用may）
A 1、--- Mum, I've been studying English since 8 o'clock. ____ I go out and play with Tom for a while?
--- No, I'm afraid not. Besides, it's raining outside now.
A．Can’t B．Wouldn’t C．May not D．Won’t 04辽宁
Can he take the car out whenever he likes? (征求许可)
三、可能性
1. 表示（从理论上讲）可能性
C You don't have to know the name of the author to find a book. You ______ find the book by the title.
A. must B. need C. can D. would 08湖南
2. 表示“有时可能，有时会”
B It is usually warm in my hometown in March, but it ______be rather cold sometimes.
A. must B. can C. should D. would 08福建
四、推测（解答情态动词表示猜测的试题时，一要清楚被猜测的时间，二要清楚有无客观事实根据。）
1. 用于否定句
C You ______ be tired；you've only been working for an hour.
A. must not B. won' t C. can' t D. may not 04全国2
2. 用于疑问句或感叹句中（表示惊异、怀疑、不相信的态度）
A Mr. Bush is on time for everything. How ____ it be that he was late for the opening ceremony？
A. can B. should C. may D. must 01上海春考
考点二、may的常考点
一、may 在肯定句中表示现实的可能性，否定句中意为“可能不”。
D 1、It is important to know about the cultural differences that_____ cause problems.
A．must B．dare C．need D．may
C 2、You might just as well tell the manufacturer that male customers ____ not like the design of the furniture.
A. must B. shall C. may D. need 04上海春考
二、许可(表示请求，用于第一人称)
B --- I hear you’ve got a set of valuable Australian coins. _____ I have a look?
--- Yes, certainly.
A. Do B. May C. Shall D. Should 02安徽春考
三、推测 (用于肯定句，语气比must弱；否定句中，语气比can’t弱)
A 1、---I can't find my purse anywhere.
---You ______ have lost it while shopping.
A. may B. can C. should D. would 08重庆
D 2、---Is John coming by train？
---He should, but he ____ not. He likes driving his car.
A. must B. can C. need D. may 02全国
四、祝愿
May you be happy! May God be with you!
五、表建议（可和as well 连用）
D You are here, so you ______ as well give me a hand.
A. can B. should C. need D. may （may as well “还是……的好”）
考点三、could的常考点
一、能力（can的过去时）（比较be able to）
B 1、If I _____ plan to do anything 1 wanted to，I'd like to go to Tibet and travel through as much of it as possible．
A．would B．could C．had to D．ought to 05湖北
B 2、I should have been there, but I _____ not find the time.
A. would B. could C. might D. should
D 3. The fire spread through the hotel very quickly but everyone ____ get out.
A. had to B. would C. could D. was able to 97全国
二、虚拟语气中
B Thank you for all your hard work last week. I don't think we ____ it without you.
A. can manage B. could have managed C. could manage D. can have managed 08山东
三、本来能做而实际未做，表达遗憾的感情色彩, 婉转批评
C He did not regret saying what he did but felt that he _______ it differently.
A. could express B. would express C. could have expressed D. must have expressed 09江苏
四、推测；可能
D 1、--- I've taken someone else's green sweater by mistake.
--- It ______ Harry's. He always wears green.
A. has to be B. will be C. mustn't be D. could be 05广东
A 2、My sister met him at the Grand Theatre yesterday afternoon ,so he _____ your lecture.
A. couldn’t have attended B. needn’t have attended
C. mustn’t have attended D. shouldn’t have attended 00上海
五、could / might都可用来表示请求允许或许可。回答时，常用can或者may。
C ---Could I borrow your dictionary﹖
---Yes, of course you______．
A. mightB. willC. canD. should
考点四、might的常考点
一、推测
D 1、The traffic is heavy these day, I _____ arrive a bit late, so could you save me a place?
A can B must C need D might 09辽宁
A 2、--- Excuse me. Is this the right way to the
--- Sorry, I am not sure. But it _____ be.
A．might B．will C．must D．can 04湖北
D 3、--- Where is my dictionary? I remember I put it here yesterday.
--- You ______ it in the wrong place.
A. must put B. should have put C. might put D. might have put 07江西
二、虚拟语气
D 1. Had they known what was coming next, they _____ second thoughts.
A. may have B. could have C. must have had D. might have had 12浙江
三、本来能做而实际未做，表达遗憾的感情色彩, 婉转批评
D 1. What a pity. Considering his ability and experience, he ____ better.
A. need have done B. must have done C. can have done D. might have done 08江西
考点五、must的常考点
一、表示必须，应该
B 1、I can't leave. She told me that I ______ stay here until she comes back.
A. can B. must C. will D. may 09全国2
C 2、In crowded places like airports and railway stations, you ______ take care of your luggage.
A. can B. may C. must D. will 07北京
二、表示“不可以”“禁止”
B Tom, you _____ leave all your clothes on the floor like this!
A．wouldn’t B．mustn’t C．needn’t D．may not 05全国1
三、表示推测
C 1、It_____ have been Tom that parked the car here, as he is the only one with a car.
A. may B. can C. must D. should 09上海
C 2、--- Hi, Tom. Any idea where Jane is?
--- She _____in the classroom. I saw her there just now.
A. shall be B. should have been C. must be D. might have been 09重庆
四、在疑问句和条件句中，表“一定” “偏偏”，具有感情色彩
D 1、--- May I smoke here ?
--- If you ____, choose a seat in the smoking section.
A. should B. could C. may D. must 06山东
B 2、--- Could I have a word with you, mum?
--- Oh dear, if you ________.
A. can B. must C. may D. should 06浙江
A 3、John, look at the time. _____ you play the piano at such a late hour?
A．Must B．Can C．May D．Need 05全国2
考点六、need的常考点
一、情态动词：需要（用于否定句、疑问句）
C 1. --- Lucy doesn't mind lending you her dictionary.
--- She _____. I've already borrowed one.
A. can't B. mustn't C. needn't D. shouldn't 05湖南
D 2. I ______ worry about my weekend—I always have my plans ready before it comes.
A. can't B. mustn't C. daren't D. needn't 11上海
二、needn’t have done不需要做但做了
B --- Catherine, I have cleaned the room for you.
--- Thanks. You _____ it. I could manage it myself.
A．needn’t do B．needn’t have done C．mustn’t do D．shouldn’t have done 05福建
三、及物动词 (need doing = need to be done)
A As a result of the serious flood, two-thirds of the buildings ______ in the area.
A．need repairing B．needs to repair C．needs repairing D．need to repair 07陕西
考点七、shall的常考点
一、shall用于第二、三人称的陈述句中，表示说话人的意愿，有命令、警告、决心、强制、许诺或威胁之意。
C 1、--- What does the sign over there read?
--- “No person _____ smoke or carry a lighted cigarette，cigar or pipe in this area.”
A. will B. may C. shall D. must 07四川
A 2、--- Excuse me, but I want to use your computer to type a report.
--- You ______ have my computer if you don't take care of it.
A. shan't B. might not C. needn't D. shouldn't 04湖南
二、shall用于第一、三人称的疑问句中，表示征求对方的意见，常译为“要某人做某事吗﹖”。
B ---The room is so dirty. ______ we clean it﹖
---Of course．
A. WillB. ShallC. WouldD. Do03北京春考
考点八、should（ought to）的常考点
一、“should（ought to）have done” “本来应该……” “shouldn't（ought not to）have done” “本来不应该……却……”。
B 1. --- I'm sorry. I ____ at you the other day.
--- Forget it. I was a bit out of control myself.
A. shouldn’t shout B. shouldn’t have shouted
C. mustn’t shout D. mustn’t have shouted 08江苏
D 2. I told your friend how to get to the hotel, but perhaps I ______ have driven her there.
A．could B．must C．might D．should 07陕西
二、“should含有感情色彩，表示惊讶、惊奇等意味。意为“竟，竟然，居然”。
C You can't imagine that a well-behaved gentleman _____ be so rude to a lady.
A. might B. need C. should D. would 01上海
三、should表示“推测”，意为“可能；该”。相当于be expected to。往往指具有一定的客观根据或根据推理对现在某事发生的“可能性”进行描述，语气上不如must强。
B 1．--- When can I come for the photos？I need them tomorrow afternoon．
--- They _____ be ready by 12：00．
A．canB．shouldC．mightD．need 98全国
C 2．It's nearly seven o'clock．Jack ______ be here at any moment.
A．mustB．needC．should D．can 95全国
四、should在虚拟语气中的运用
D 1. The doctor recommended that you _____ swim after eating a large meal.
A wouldn't B couldn't C needn't D shouldn't 09浙江
B 2. _____ fired, your health care and other benefits will not be immediately cut off.
A. Would you be B. Should you be C. Could you be D. Might you be 06湖北
考点九：will的常考点
一、表意志、意愿，用于各种人称。
A 1. ---Mr. Gordon asked me to remind you of the meeting this afternoon. Don't you forget it!
---OK, I_____.
A. won't B. don't C. will D. do 06重庆
C 2. ---Write to me when you get home. --- ______.
A. I must B. I should C. I will D. I can 01安徽春考
B 3. Some young people these days just ______ go out of their homes to contact the real world．
A．mustn't B．won't C．mightn't D．shouldn't 10上海春考
二、疑问句中，用于第二人称，征求对方意见。
Will you please help me?
三、表习惯或反复发生的动作。
Fish will die out of the water.
考点十：would的常考点
一、表过去的意志、意愿，用于各种人称。
D 1. John promised his doctor he _____ not smoke, and he has smoked ever since.
A. might B. should C. could D. would 08北京
C 4. --- Why didn't you come to Simon's party last night?
--- I want to, but my mom simply ______ not let me out so late at night.
A. could B. might C. would D. should 11重庆
二、疑问句中，用于第二人称，婉转征求对方意见。
B 2. --- _______ ?
--- That would be great! Please drop me off at the library．
A. Could you bring me the bill B. Would you like me to give you a lift
C. Could you tell me the postcode for Paris D. Would you like to have my e-mail address 10安徽
三、表过去习惯或反复发生的动作。
I would read novels when I was young.
四、虚拟语气
B 1. But for the help of my English teacher, I _____ the first prize in the English Writing Competition.
A. would not win B. would not have won C. would win D. would have won 09福建
五、“would /should like／love to do sth．”结构意为“愿意／想做某事”。“would / should like／love to have done”结构则意为“本来想干某事，而当时却没干”。例如：
B 1. I would love _____ to the party last night but I had to work extra hours to finish a report.
A. to go B. to have gone C. going D. having gone 97全国
考点十一：dare的常考点
一、情态动词，常用于否定句、疑问句和条件从句。
Dare you go there?
He dare not go there.
二、及物动词，有人称和数的变化。
He dared to go there
He didn’t dare to go there.
考点十二：used to的常考点
一、表数“过去的习惯”强调对比。
C 1. You didn't use to like him much when we were at school, _____?
A. were we B. weren't we C. did you D. didn't you 08上海春考
D 2. In my opinion, life in the twenty-first century is much easier than _____.
A. that used to be B. it is used to C. it was used to D. it used to be 07安徽
二、比较be used to
B 3. The country life he was used to _____ greatly since 1992.
A. change B. has changed C. changing D. have changed 05山东
