|
| | ||
|
Unit 5 The power of nature
appoint, suit, anxious, panic, guarantee, burn to the ground, make one’s way, vary from…to…
1. appoint vt. 任命；委派
appoint sb as / to be… 任命某人为…
appoint sb to do sth 委派某人做某事
appoint sth (for sth) （为某事）确定（日期、场所）
appointment n. 任命；约会
make an appointment with sb 与某人约会
keep / break an appointment 守 / 违约
eg: Who shall we appoint as chairperson?
We must appoint someone to act as secretary.
The time appointed for the meeting was 10:30.
I have an appointment with my old friend this Sunday.
2. suit n. 一套外衣；套装
vt. 适合；使适宜
suit sth to sth 使某物适合于另一事物
be suited for / to… 适合…
be suitable for sb / sth 适合于某人 / 某物
be suitable to do sth 适合做某事
辨析suit / match / fit：
1 suit多指合乎需要、口味、性格、条件、地位、场合等。
2 match多指色调、形状、性质等方面的搭配。
3 fit多指大小、形状的合适。
eg: Does the climate suit you?
Suit the punishment to the crime, I say.
He and his wife are well suited to each other.
The house is not really suitable for a large family.
3. anxious adj. 忧虑的；不安的
be anxious about / for sb / sth 对某人 / 某事感到忧虑
be anxious to do sth 渴望做某事
be anxious (for sb) to do sth 渴望（某人）做某事
anxiety n. 忧虑；担心；渴望
with anxiety 焦虑地
anxiously adv. 焦虑地；不安地
eg: I’m very anxious about my son’s health.
She was anxious for them all to leave her room.
We waited for news with a growing sense of anxiety.
4. panic vi.&vt. （使人或动物）受惊；惊慌（panicked / panicking）
n. 惊慌；恐慌
panic over / about / at 因…而恐慌
panic sb into doing sth 使某人惊慌地做
get into a panic = be thrown into a panic 使陷入惊慌状态
be seized with a panic 惊慌失措
in panic 惊慌失措地
eg: The crowd panicked at the sound of the guns.
She got into a real panic when she thought she’d lost the tickets.
Shoppers fled the street in panic after two bombs exploded in central
5. guarantee vt. 保证…免受损伤或伤害；担保
n. 保证；保证书
guarantee sb against / from… 保证某人免受损害、危险
guarantee to do sth 保证去做某事
guarantee sth to sb 向某人担保 / 保证某事
be guaranteed to do sth 必定做某事
give sb a guarantee that… 向某人担保…
(be) under guarantee 在保修期内
eg: We guarantee to deliver within a week.
If you yell at him, he’s guaranteed to do the opposite of what you want.
Can you give me a guarantee that the work will be finished on time?
6. burn to the ground 全部焚毁
burn…to death 烧死
burn up 烧起来，旺起来；烧掉；烧毁
burn down 把…烧毁，烧成平地；火力减弱
burn off 烧掉某物；消耗掉
burn out 烧光；烧完
burn oneself out 精力耗尽
eg: The building was burnt to the ground last night.
The room grew colder as the fire burnt down.
If he doesn’t stop working so hard, he’ll burn himself out.
7. make one’s way 前往
feel one’s way 摸索着前行
fight / push one’s way 推挤着前行
lose one’s way 迷路
force one’s way out 挤出去；冲出去
push one’s way in 挤进去
eg: Look! Many children are making their way to the beach.
Without experience in it, we have to feel our way.
We fought our way through the forest.
8. vary from…to… 由…到…不等
vary in sth （大小、形状等）不同，有别
vary with 随…变化；改变
vary between…and… 从…到…转变
various adj. 各种各样的；多姿多彩的
varied adj. 各种各样的；变化的
variety n. 种种；多样化
a variety of 种种
eg: Opinions on this matter vary from person to person.
Prices vary with seasons.
The girls come from a variety of different backgrounds.
9. Having collected and evaluated the information, I help other scientists to predict where lava from the volcano will flow next and how fast.
Having collected and evaluated…是现在分词的完成式在句中作状语，表明从句动作发生在主句动作之前。
1 作状语的分词所表示的动作，可以表示时间、原因、方式、伴随或结果等，通常用逗号与句子隔开。其逻辑主语通常要与句子的主语保持一致，即句子的主语就是动词-ing的动作执行者。与句子主语之间存在着主动关系是决定现在分词的一个重要尺度。
2 过去分词作状语同现在分词作状语一样，其逻辑上的主语就是主句的主语，但不同的是，过去分词与主语之间存在被动关系，但有时无被动意味，只是表示一种状态或动作的完成。
eg: Admitting what she said, I still think she hasn’t tried her best.
Having answered the teacher’s questions, she sat down and felt much more relaxed.
Not having received a reply, he decided to write again.
United, we stand; divided, we fall.
团结一致，我们就会成功；各自为政，我们就会失败。
10. The other two climbed down into the crater to collect some lava for later study, but this being my first experience, I stayed at the top and watched them.
此处this being…是独立主格结构。
1 独立主格结构在句法上独立于句子主体之外，跟主句没有任何句法联系，但在意义上却与主句紧密联系在一起，共同构成一个完整的语义环境；独立主格结构没有主语和谓语，只有逻辑上的主语；其可置于句首或句尾，用逗号与主句隔开。
2 独立主格结构可分为两部分：一部分是名词或代词（主格），起着逻辑主语的作用；另一部分有形容词、副词、名词、分词、不定式、介词短语等构成，表示前面名词或代词的状态、状况或动作。
eg: The guide leading the way, we had no trouble getting out of the forest.
Weather permitting, we will go on an outing to the beach tomorrow.
He left the office, tears in eyes.
The signal given, the train started.
练习：
1. I called the airline to my flight reservation a week before I left for
A. appoint B. obtain C. confirm D. admit
2. ---What can I do for you?
---I want to buy a red tie to my new shirt.
A. fit B. match C. suit D. be fit for
3. He is to return to his homeland as soon as possible.
A. hurried B. anxious C. worried D. nervous
4. How Zhang Ning performed in the badminton singles final! She won another Olympic gold medal for
A. slimly B. eventually
C. splendidly D. anxiously
5. 起火时，办公室的人员惊慌逃出。
Office workers fled as the fire broke out.
6. 对考试惊慌失措是毫无意义的 / 没用的。
There’s no point about the exams.
7. Can you me a job when I get there? You know, I have to work in order to pay for my schooling.
A. apply B. arrange C. provide D. guarantee
8. 在这次事故中，有两名工人被烧死。
In the accident, two of the workers .
9. 大楼被烧成了平地只剩下灰烬。
The building was and only ashes were left.
10. Would you be able to (自己去机场)?
11. 他向学校走去。
He to school.
用介词in / with / from填空
12. Opinions vary one to another.
13. The flowers vary color and size.
14. Prices usually vary the quality of the commodities.
15. The young man, several attempts to beat the world record in high jumping, decided to have another try.
A. to make B. making
C. made D. having made
16. every day, our web provides readers with the latest news.
A. To update B. Update
C. Updating D. Updated
17. The girl in the snapshot was smiling sweetly, .
A. her long hair was flowing in the breeze
B. her long hair were flowing in the breeze
C. her long hair flowing in the breeze
D. her long hair flowed in the breeze
Unit 5 The power of nature
1—4 CBBC 5. in panic 6. (in) getting into a panic 7. D
8. were burnt to death 9. burnt down 10. make your way to the airport yourself
11. made his way 12. from 13. in 14. with 15—17 DDC
