Unit 1 Living well
disability, adapt, annoy, resign, congratulate, access, in other words, out of breath, used to do
1. disability n. 伤残；无力；无能
able n. （因疾病而）无能
unable adj. 不能的→ inability n. 无能
enable v. 使能够；使可能
disabled adj. 丧失能力的；有残疾的；无能力的
the disabled 残疾人；伤残者
eg: She managers to lead a normal life in spite of her disabilities.
Our ability to think and speak separates us from other mammals.
Chinese premier Wen Jiabao lit the cauldron (圣火盆) and announced the beginning of the relay, sparking a grand display of traditional Chinese dance by disabled artists.
辨析disable / unable：
1 disable是及物动词，意为“使…不能；使……伤残”，常用于被动式。
2 unable是形容词，意为“不能”，后可接带to的不定式。
2. adapt vt. 使适应；改编
adapt to… 适应…
adapt…to… 使…适应或适合…
adapt oneself to 使自己适应或者习惯于…
adapt…from… 根据…改写（改编）
adapt…for… 改编 / 改作…之用
adaptable adj. 能适应的；可修改的
adaptation n. 适应；改编；改写本
eg: The children are finding it hard to adapt to their new school.
The car’s fuel system was adapted to take unleaded gas.
I’m sure she’ll cope with the changes very well—she’s very adaptable.
3. annoy vt. 使…不悦；惹恼
be annoyed with sb 对某人生气
be annoyed at / about sth 因某事生气
be annoyed by… 被…惹恼
annoyance n. 恼怒；烦恼
annoying adj. 恼人的；烦人的
annoyed adj. 感到恼火的；觉得生气的
eg: It really annoys me when people forget to say thank you.
I was really annoyed with him at that time.
Everyone is annoyed by the amount of traffic in the city.
I’m annoyed that he didn’t show up when he said he would come.
辨析annoy / bother / disturb / trouble：
1 annoy强调因被迫忍受令人不快、讨厌的事而失去平静或耐心，多指一时的打扰或恼怒。
2 bother指使人烦恼而引起的紧张不安或感到不耐烦。
3 disturb较正式用词，多用于被动语态。指扰乱，使人不能平静或妨碍别人工作、思维或正常秩序，是程度较深的烦恼。
4 trouble指给人在行动上带来不便或在身心上造成痛苦。
4. resign
resign from 辞去…职务
resign as sth 辞职
resign sb to 托付给；屈从于
resign oneself to… 听任摆布；甘心忍受…；只好
resignation n. 辞职；辞呈
hand in one’s resignation 递交辞呈
eg: Mr Smith resigned from the union last year.
I won’t resign to his will.
She resigned herself to her fate.
His father will hand in his resignation.
5. congratulate vt. 祝贺；庆祝
congratulate sb on 就…向某人祝贺
doing sth
congratulation n. 祝贺；恭喜
congratulations to sb on sth 祝贺某人某事
辨析congratulate / celebrate：
1 congratulate意为“祝贺、道贺”，一般用人作宾语，若要表明所祝贺的事情，后面要on (upon)连接，构成 congratulate sb on (upon) sth。
2 celebrate意思是举行仪式、典礼的“庆祝“，一般用事（节日、胜利、成功等）作宾语，构成 celebrate sth。
eg: She was congratulated on what she had achieved.
We are congratulating ourselves on our narrow escape.
They will celebrate your birthday next week.
6. access n. （接近的）方法；通路；可接近性
have / get / obtain / gain access to… 拥有…的机会；可以接近；进入
give access to 接近；准许进入
accessible adj. 可接近的；可进入的；可使用的
be accessible to… 可接近的；可靠近的；可使用的
辨析access(to) / approach (to)：
1 access to （…的）通路
（接近或进入某地的）方法
（使用某物或接近某人的）权利或机会
2 approach to （…的）通路
（解决一特定问题的方法，尤其是经过深思熟虑的）方法
（对…的）态度
eg: Access to the garden is through the kitchen.
A manager should be accessible to his staff.
The island is accessible only by boat.
The approach to the house was a narrow path.
7. in other words 换句话说
word came that… 有消息传来说…
in a word 总之；简言之
word for word 逐字地
keep one’s word 遵守诺言
break one’s word 失信；不守诺言
have a word with… 与…谈一谈
have words with… 与…拌嘴、吵架
eat one’s words 承认说错了话
eg: I soon found that the work I was doing had been done by other people—in other words, I’m wasting my time.
In a word, we must try our best to do the work.
Please believe me. I’ll keep my word.
8. out of breath 上气不接下气
hold one’s breath 屏住呼吸
lose one’s breath 喘不过气来
out of sight 看不见
out of control 失控
out of date 过期
out of order 出毛病
out of work 失业
out of patience 不能忍受
out of question 没问题；无疑；毫无疑问
out of the question 不可能的；办不到的
eg: After climbing that long flight of stairs she was completely out of breath.
The Ford went out of control and crashed over the cliff.
Out of office, out of danger.
9. I used to climb trees, swim and play football.
|
短语 |
意义及用法 |
|
used to do |
表示过去经常发生的动作或存在的状态，但现在已不再发生或存在，后接动词原形。 |
|
be used to (doing) sth |
习惯于，be有多种时态，可用get或become 替换。 |
|
be used to do |
“被用来做某事”。use为及物动词，表示“使用”，是被动结构。 |
eg: There used to be a bus stop on that corner.
I’m not used to living here.
Coal can be used to produce power.
练习：
1. As his disease has him, Hawking has to sit in his wheelchair and speak through a computer.
A. disabled B. unabled C. abled D. enabled
2. He gets a pension from the government because of his in a fire accident.
A. disabled; disability B. disability; disability
C. disability; disabled D. disability; disabilities
用适当的介词填空（3—5）
3. The play is adapted a novel.
4. This book is adapted beginners.
5. When you go to a new country, you must adapt yourself
new customs.
改错 (6—9)
6. It’s annoyed to miss a train.
7. He was annoyed with the boy’s rudeness.
8. I felt annoying when he refused to help me.
9. To his annoy, he discovered they had left.
10. We had to fate, seeing that we could do nothing to help ourselves.
A. resign ourselves to B. bury ourselves to
C. apply ourselves to D. devote ourselves to
11. They have made a very pretty job of it. I think they deserve to be .
A. celebrated B. graduated
C. congratulated D. bragged
12. You can easily get (接近他).
13. He is easy of (接近).
14. A park should be a place which is (易进入的) the public.
15. She is organized, friendly to people, hardworking and clever. , I can’t speak too highly of her.
A. In other words B. In a word
C. As a result D. In addition
16. Having lived in the town for quite a few years, Mr John no longer felt among the local people.
A. out of order B. out of place
C. out of control D. out of the question
17. I’m used to in the house which to keep books and magazines.
A. living; used B. live; was used
C. live; used D. living; was used
18. I found the job tiring at first but I soon (习惯了).
19. I (过去抽烟), but I gave up a couple of years ago.
Unit 1 Living well
1—2 AD 3. from 4. for 5. to 6. annoyed → annoying 7. with → at / about
8. annoying → annoyed 9. annoy → annoyance 10—
12. access to him 13. access 14. accessible to 15—17 BBD 18. got used to it
19. used to smoke
