Unit 2 Robots
desire, alarm, favour, accompany, declare, turn around, leave…alone, set aside, even though / if
1. desire n. 渴望；欲望；渴求
vt. 希望得到；想要
have a strong desire
for sth 急于想得到某物
do sth at one’s desire 应某人要求做某事
desire to do sth 渴望做某事
desire sb to do sth 想要某人做某事
desire that… 渴望…（从句中谓语动词用should + 动词原形虚拟语气形式）
eg: Her life-ling desire of living in the country was at last realized.
He has a strong desire for success / to succeed.
We always desire to live in peace with our neighbors.
My desire is that I should come to
辨析desire / long / wish：
1 desire属正式用语，可代替wish和want，强调主观愿望的热切性，含有“强烈希望做某事”之意。如I have long desired to meet them.
2 long意为“渴望；极想”，常构成long to do sth（极想做某事）或long for sth（渴望某物）。如The Shenzhou Ⅶ spaceship has come back successfully. I’m longing to see it in person.
3 wish的语气比desire弱，一般用于难以实现或不可能实现的愿望。如I wish the world could escape the Wall Street storm.
2. alarm n. 警报；惊恐
vt. 使警觉；使惊恐；惊动
sound the alarm 发出警报
take (the) alarm at… 对…感到吃惊；因…而惊恐
be alarmed at / for… 被…吓一跳
be alarmed to do… 做…感到恐慌
eg: Her pale face alarmed her mother.
He crossed the river and sounded the alarm to the soldiers before the Germans arrived.
The villagers were alarmed just in time to escape the flood.
3. favour n. 喜爱；恩惠；帮忙；优惠
vt. 喜爱；偏袒 (= favor)
ask a favor of sb 求人帮一个忙，求人做某事
do a favor for sb 帮某人一个忙；给某人做件事
be in (out of) favor (with) 受宠(失宠)；得到(不受)偏爱
in favor of 赞成；主张
in one’s favor 对某人有利
eg: May I ask a favor of you?
Was he in favor of the death penalty?
Do me a favor and turn the radio down while I’m on the phone, will you?
4. accompany vt. 陪伴；伴奏；附有；配有
accompany sth / with (by) sth …与…同时存在或发生
accompany sb at / on sth 用…给某人伴奏
accompany sb to… 陪某人到…
be accompanied by… 由…伴奏
accompanist n. 伴奏者
company n. 陪伴；交往；公司；商号
keep sb company 陪伴某人
companion n. 同伴，伙伴
注：accompany作动词时的准确含义为“陪同…去(go with…)”，本身包含了go的含义，因而不能再与go连用。
eg: The well-known singer was accompanied at the piano by Mr Wang.
Strong winds accompanied heavy rain.
I must ask you to accompany me to the police station.
I’ll stay here and keep you company.
5. declare vt. 宣布；声明；表明；宣称
declare sb / sth to be 宣布某人或某事
declare for / against 表示赞成 / 反对…
declare war (on / against) （向…）宣战
declare oneself 发表意见；表明态度
declare off 取消
declare that… 宣告；宣称
declaration n. 宣布；声明；宣言
辨析declare / announce：
1 declare指在庄严场合，官方权威人士公开郑重宣布，有时指在公共场合对某事表明态度。如The government declared war on the drug dealers.
2 announce指对公众或特定人群进行宣布，常指大家感兴趣的事，如国家大使和商品信息等。如Everyone was silent as he announced the winner of the competition.
eg: The accused man was declared (to be) innocent by the court.
When they asked him for his opinion, he declared strongly against the policy.
6. turn around 转向；回转
turn around = turn round 转过去；转身
turn against 背叛；和…敌对
turn away 把…打发走
turn down 减弱；降低；压低（声音、力量等）
turn on 打开（煤气、自来水、电灯等）
turn off 关（电灯、收音机等）
turn to 向…求助；翻到；转到
turn over 考虑；思索；翻过来
turn up 把声音开大；出现；来临；露面
turn out 出席；到场；生产；出产；（常与to，be，that连用）结果是，证明是
eg: Turn around and let me look at your back.
She has nobody to turn to.
We invited her to dinner but she didn’t even bother to turn up.
He tried to join the army but was turned down because of poor health.
7. leave…alone 不管；别惹；让…一个人待着；和…单独在一起
leave behind 比…取得好得多的进展；把…抛在后面；超过
leave aside 搁置一边
leave for… 动身到…
leave off 停止
leave out 省略；遗漏
leave over 留下；剩下
eg: Please leave my personal affairs alone.
The lights of the city were soon left behind.
It was careless of him to leave out an important detail.
8. set aside 将…放在一边；为…节省或保留(钱或时间)
set about doing 着手做某事
set back 把（钟表指针）往回拨
set down （指车辆或司机）停下来让（乘客）下车；记下；放下
set off 出发；动身；起程；使…爆炸
set out 出发；摆放；陈述或宣布；开始做某事
set up 摆放或竖起某物；使…准备使用
eg: She set aside her book and lit a cigarette.
Why don’t you set your ideas down on paper?
Do be careful with those fireworks; the slightest spark could set them off.
Police set up road-blocks on routes leading out of the city.
9. But even though Tony had been so clever, he would have to be rebuilt—you cannot have women falling in love with machines.
even though = even if，引导让步状语从句，意为“即使；纵使”。
eg: Even if we achieve great success in our work, we should not be conceited.
Even if some foreigners speak ill of our Shenzhou Ⅶ spaceship, we still stick to the route of peaceful exploration of the space.
练习：
1. ---The education system rather than the teachers
to answer for the overburden on the middle school students.
---I agree. I hope the reform being carried out in
A. are; desired B. are; desiring
C. is; desired D. is; desiring
2. All of us were to hear that Lily, our company’s most valued clerk, should say she would leave the company.
A. scared B. alarmed C. terrified D. satisfied
3. Most of them were my opinion while David was against it.
A. in honor of B. in favor of
C. in search of D. in memory of
4. A man is known by the company he keeps.
5. Tomorrow the mayor is to accompany a group of Canadian businessmen on a tour of the city.
6. We have time and time again that we will never be the first to use nuclear weapons.
A. declared B. announced
C. declined D. exclaimed
用适当的介词或副词填空 (7—12)
7. Please turn the television a bit as our baby is sleeping.
8. Nobody can turn the wheel of history.
9. The plan turned to be a failure.
10. We often turn this handbook for information on transistors.
11. Why did they suddenly turn you ?
12. As he had broken the rule of the factory, he was turned
.
13. It was funny to see that the dog’s eyes immediately
at the sight of its owner.
A. lit up B. fixed up
C. did up D. turned up
14. When considering how to settle the problem, he had
the most important factor—weather.
A. left out B. left behind
C. left off D. left over
15. Memorial Day is a
A. put up B. set aside C. put on D. set up
16. People hobbies which offer enjoyment, knowledge and relaxation.
A. bring up B. set up
C. pick up D. take up
17. Jack felt grateful to his teacher he couldn’t find words to express it.
A. as if B. even though
C. so that D. now that
18. The government should protect the old valuable buildings they are not in harmony with the modern ones nearby.
A. even though B. as if
C. so that D. now that
Unit 2 Robots
1—3 CBB 4. 观其友，知其人。 5. 明天市长要陪加拿大客商游览城市。
6. A 7. down 8. back 9. out 10. to 11. down 12. away 13—18 AABDBA
