Unit 3 Under the sea
accommodation, urge, abandon, reflect, scare, help (…) out, be / become aware of, be about to do
1. accommodation n. 住所；住宿；食宿供应
(pl.) 提供便利的设备（或用具）
make accommodation for 为…提供食宿
book accommodation at a hotel 向旅馆预订房间
arrange sb’s accommodation 给某人安排住处
accommodate vt. 向…提供住处（或食宿）；容纳；招待住宿；供应；使适应；调节
accommodate…to = adapt…to 使…适应
accommodate oneself to = adapt (oneself) to 适应；顺应
accommodate sb with… = supply sb with…向某人提供…
eg: Guest artists have to pay for their own accommodations and meals.
The hotel accommodation is scarce.
Some animals have to accommodate to changes in climate.
2. urge vt. 催促；极力主张；驱策
urge sth / sb on 催促某物 / 某人前进
urge sb to do sth 催促某人做某事
urge sb into doing sth 催促某人做某事
urge that… 极力主张，强调[从句谓语形式为(should) + 动词原形]
It is urged that… 坚决要求…[从句谓语形式为(should) + 动词原形]
eg: He urged all the students to take part in this activity.
I urged that he (should) do his best.
It was urged that he should be punished.
3. abandon vt. 遗弃；抛弃；丢弃；放弃；中止；
与(oneself连用)使放纵，使听任
n. 放任；放纵
abandon one’s hope / plan / idea 放弃希望 / 计划 / 主意
abandon oneself to… 沉湎于…；纵情于…
abandon doing sth 放弃做某事
abandoned adj. 无约束的；无度的；放荡的
with abandon 放纵地；放任地
辨析abandon / desert / quit / cancel：
1 abandon与desert都可指抛弃、遗弃某人，但desert常指逃避义务或违背誓约等，有责难之意。
2 quit指停止或放弃信仰、行动、工作等，如quit smoking停止吸烟；quit the job辞职。
3 cancel指取消原定的计划或安排。
eg: The child was abandoned / deserted by his parents.
She abandoned herself to despair.
The crew abandoned the burning ship.
4. reflect vt. 映射；反射
vi.&vt. 思考
reflect sb / sth in sth (指镜子等)映出某人 / 物的影像
reflect sth from sth 从某物(表面)反射(光、热、声等)
reflect on / upon sth 思考某事
reflection n. 反射；反照；反映；映像
be lost in reflection 陷入沉思中
eg: Sean’s strong love for his country is reflected in his recently published poems.
She sat reflecting on how much had changed since she had bought the farm.
The moon looks bring because of the reflection of light.
5. scare vt. 恐吓
vi. 受惊吓
scare sb away / off 把某人吓跑
scare sb out of wits 吓蒙了；吓坏了
scare sb into / out of sth (doing sth) 吓得某人做 / 不敢做某事
scared adj. 惊恐的；恐惧的
be scared of 害怕…
be scared to do sth 害怕干某事
be scared to death 吓死
be scared stiff 吓得呆若木鸡
eg: That noise scared me.
He scared easily.
They lighted a fire to scare off the wolves.
Some parents try to scare their children into behaving well.
6. help (…) out 帮助（某人）摆脱困境或危难；协助；使（某人）脱离困境
can’t help (to) do sth不能帮着干某事（不定式为目的状语）
can’t help doing sth 禁不住做某事
can’t help but do sth 不得不做某事
help oneself (to sth) 自用；自取所需（食物等）
help sb with sth 帮助某人做某事
eg: Can you help me out with the maths problem?
He helped the old man out of the car.
I can’t help wondering what happened to that little girl.
7. be / become aware of 对…知道；明白；意识到…
be aware that-clause 知道；体会到…
make sb aware that… 提醒某人注意…
make sb aware of… 使某人注意到…
as far as I’m aware 据我所知
develop an awareness of… 逐渐懂得…
lack of awareness 缺乏认识
辨析aware / conscious：
相同点：二者都可译为“意识到的”，都常与of连用，且其后都可接由that或how引导的从句。
不同点：1aware用来指本人以外的事物，侧重意识到外界事物；而conscious用来指本人自身的事，侧重意识到自身的感觉或情况等。2作“意识到的”讲时，aware通常用作表语，而conscious既可用作表语，也可用作宾语。
eg: Most people are aware of the dangers of driving after drinking.
I don’t think you’re aware of how important this means to me.
She became aware that something had been stolen.
8. This was the call that announced there was about to be a whale hunt.
1 be about to do表示打算或即将发生的动作，但它不与表示将来时间的副词或其他具体将来时间状语连用。但可以与when连用，构成固定句型：
be about to do…when… 正要干…，这时…
2 be to do表示约定的、计划中的或按职责、义务、要求要发生的动作。
3 be going to do表示打算、计划、决定要做的事或将要发生的事，还可以表示说话人根据已有的事实或迹象认为某事即将发生。
eg: The sun is about to sink in the west.
I was about to go to bed when he came in.
We are to meet at 8 o’clock tomorrow.
练习：
1. The new apartment built a few months ago is large enough to over two hundred people.
A. supply B. provide C. reside D. accommodate
2. The class is discussing a newspaper editorial (社论) that citizens to help reduce the noise and air pollution in the city.
A. ordered B. demanded C. promised D. urged
3. Some young men themselves to pleasures and do nothing.
A. abandon B. desert C. quit D. cancel
4. The likely reactions of the market would need to be
before we acted.
A. considered on B. based on
C. relied on D. reflected on
5. Janie lay on the floor , too to move.
A. trembled; scaring B. trembling; scaring
C. trembling; scared D. trembled; scared
6. The passengers had a chat with the college students
as conductors during the summer vacation.
A. help out B. helped out
C. to help out D. helping out
7. If I long enough to have a job, I would choose to be a doctor, those AIDS patients.
A. had lived; helping B. should live; help
C. were to live; helping D. should have lived; help
8. You must be that what you are doing is quite illegal.
A. aware B. confident C. awful D. magnificent
9. I have battled with my over whether I should actually send this letter.
A. awareness B. consciousness
C. conscience D. mind
10. 女士们，先生们，飞机马上就要起飞了，请系好安全带。
Unit 3 Under the sea
1—5 DDADC 6—9 DCAC
10. Ladies and gentlemen, the plane is about to take off. Please fasten your seatbelts.
