Unit 4 Sharing
relevant, adjust, participate, donate, distribute, operate, (be) dying to do sth, come across
1. relevant adj. 有关的；切题的
relevance n. 关联；贴切；中肯
relevantly adv. 有关地；切题地
irrelevant adj. 无关的；不切题的
be concerned with…
be relevant to… 和…有关
be involved in…
be associated with…
be irrelevant to sth / sb 与某物 / 人不相关
eg: His nationality isn’t relevant to whether he is a good lawyer.
What you say is not relevant to the matter in hand.
Don’t care about the irrelevant remarks.
2. adjust
adjust sth to sth 调整…以适应…
adjust to 适应于…
doing sth
adjust oneself to 使自己适应于…
adjustment n. 调整；调节；适应
make an adjustment 作出调整
eg: My camera can be adjusted to take pictures in cloudy or sunny conditions.
She adjusted the seat to the height of her child.
She soon adjusted herself to his way of life.
She found it hard to adjust to working at night.
3. participate vi. 参与；参加
participate with sb in sth 同某人参与某事
participate in 参加
participant n. 参加者；共享者
participation n. 参与；分担；共享
辨析participate / attend / take part in / join / join (sb) in：
1 participate“参与”，侧重指参加某一项活动，常与in搭配，即participate in sth。
2 attend“参加”，不强调参加者在活动中所起的作用，侧重于到场、出席。
3 take part in“参加”，侧重参加者持积极的态度并在其中起一定的作用。
4 join“参加”，侧重指参加某一机构、组织并成为其中的一员。
5 join (sb) in指参与某种已在进行着的活动。
注：加入组织join选，出席到场attend用。
参加活动起作用，take part in来闹场。
和人一起来活动，join sb in来凑份。
提起participate，和in作伴齐参加。
eg: We want more participation in the decision-making.
I participate in your suffering and joy.
All the participants in the debate will have an opportunity to speak.
4. donate vt. 捐赠；赠送
donate sth to sb / sth 向某人/事捐献某物
donate blood to a blood bank 向血库献血
donation n. 捐献，捐赠；捐款，捐赠物
give / make / present a donation to… 捐赠
send a donation to… 把捐款寄至…
donator n. 捐赠者，赠送者
辨析gift / present / donate：
1 gift指赋予某人某种才能，通常用被动语态。
2 present是正式地颁给某人，通常附有仪式，着重强调赠者和接受方的关系。
3 donate所赠的对象一般是慈善事业或者机构。
eg: This van was donated to us by a local firm.
She donated a large sum of money to the charity.
Please make a donation to UNICEF.
5. distribute vt. 分发；分配；散发；分布
distribute sth to / among sb 向某人分发某物
distribute sth over… 把…撒在（涂在）…上
distribution n. 分发，分配，分布状态
distributive adj. 分发的，分配的，分布的
distributor n. 分发者
eg: Please distribute these pictures to the children.
The head of the department distributed the prizes among the winners.
The army distributed itself over the whole area.
6. operate vi. 工作；运转；给…动手术
vt. 操作
operate on / upon sb 给某人动手术
operate a business 经营一家企业
come / go into operation 开始工作 / 运转；生效
put / bring into operation 实施；施行
do / perform / carry out an operation 实施行动
be in operation 在运转中；在行动中；在实施中
eg: His company operates in several countries.
The doctor is operating on the patient.
The department store is well operated.
7. (be) dying to do sth 渴望做某事
be dying for sth 渴望得到某物
be eager to do sth / for sth 想要…；渴望…
long to do sth / for sth
be keen to do sth
die of 病（饿、冻等）死
die off 相继死去
die away 变弱；逐渐消失
die out 灭绝；绝迹
die down 平息；渐渐消失
eg: Jerry is dying to be a policeman.
I’m dying for a piano.
I know you’re dying to hear all about my life here.
注：提到“die”短语多，病饿冻死“of”用，
相继死亡“off”拖，绝种绝迹“out”跟，
逐渐消失“away”选，急切渴望常用进行时。
8. come across 偶然遇到或发现；碰见
come about （某情况）发生
come along 一道去，赶快
come out 出版；出来；开花
come into effect / force / use 生效 / 开始使用
come into existence 出现；诞生；成立
come to a conclusion / decision 得出结论 / 作出决定
meet with 偶然遇见
knock into
注：come across除作“偶遇，无意中发现”意义外，还可译为“被理解，被弄懂”。其不可用于被动式。
eg: I came across the famous actor in the street the other day.
Your speech came across very well.
The magazine comes out once a week.
9. There were no windows and the doorway was just big enough to get through.
1 enough用作形容词修饰名词时，可置其前或其后。常见搭配：enough + n. to do sth
n. + enough to do sth
2 enough用作副词修饰形容词或其他副词时，应置于被修饰词之后。
3 enough用作代词作主语或宾语时，常见搭配有：
enough for… 对…来说足够了
enough to do sth 足够去做…
enough of + n. / doing sth 太多…
eg: The book is easy enough for a six-year-old boy to read.
We have enough time to get to the airport.
I’ve had enough of you!
If enough of you are interested, we’ll organize a trip to the theatre.
练习：
1. Topics for conversation should be to the experiences and interests of the students.
A. associated B. connected
C. relevant D. remarkable
2. You can’t see through a telescope unless it is correctly
to your sight.
A. adapted B. admitted C. adopted D. adjusted
3. ---Did he say something in the lecture that you?
---Not really. Actually I felt sleepy over his speech.
A. adjusted to B. attached to
C. referred to D. appealed to
4. I longed to have the opportunity of your activities.
A. joining B. playing
C. participating in D. attending to
5. If most breadwinners a day’s pay to the Hope Project, then it will be hopeful.
A. gift B. present C. donate D. give
6. Because of the financial crisis this year, the company decided not to dividends (红利) to its shareholders.
A. vary B. disturb C. distribute D. contribute
7. ---Don’t you know your computer has been infected with viruses?
---Really, no wonder it hasn’t as well as before.
A. appeared B. operated
C. managed D. controlled
8. 这种动物在成批死去，我们必须采取措施以防它灭绝。
9. 林黛玉最后因极度悲伤而死去。
10. She had no idea how it that her husband met with trouble again.
A. came about B. came across
C. came out D. came up
11. are allowed to take part in the outdoor activities.
A. Old enough children to dress themselves
B. Children enough old to dress themselves
C. Children old enough to dress themselves
D. Enough old children to dress themselves
12. to take this adventure course will certainly learn a lot of useful skills.
A. Brave enough students B. Enough brave students
C. Students brave enough D. Students enough brave
Unit 4 Sharing
1—5 CDDCC 6—7 CB
8. The kind of animal is dying off. We must do something to protect it from dying out.
9. Finally Lin Daiyu died of extreme sadness.
10—12 ACC
