专题四：冠词
考点概要
冠词分为不定冠词a(n)、定冠词the和零冠词（即不用冠词）三种。
考点一 不定冠词a，an的用法
1．a，an表示“某一个”，相当于some，译为“一个”。
--- Could you tell me the way to the Johnsons，please? —请告诉我去约翰逊家怎么走？
--- Sorry，we don’t have a Johnson here in the village. —对不起，这个村庄里没有一个叫约翰逊的人。
2．a＋most表示“很”，“非常”。
--- Did you enjoy yourself yesterday? —你昨天玩得开心吗？
--- Yes，as you know，the party went on in a most pleasant atmosphere.
——是的,正如你所知,晚会是在非常愉快的气氛中进行的。
3．序数词前一般加定冠词the表示顺序，但序数词前可加不定冠词a(n)，表示“另一个；又一个”。
In order to find a better job，he decided to study a second foreign language.
为了找到一份更好的工作，他决定学习另一门外语。
4．有些不可数名词如knowledge，collection，understanding等是由其动词转化而来，它们后面加of...时，前面需用不定冠词a/an。
Many people agreed that a knowledge of English is a must in international trade today.
许多人都持相同的看法，在当前国际贸易中，英语知识是必备的知识。
考点二 定冠词the的用法
1．用在世界上独一无二的人或物、自然现象、表示方位或表示发明物等的名词前。
The earth moves around the sun. 地球围绕太阳转。
Alexander Graham Bell invented the telephone in 1876. 1876年亚历山大·贝尔发明了电话。
2．用在序数词和形容词最高级前面。
Yang Liwei is the first man who has been into space in
3．by＋表示具体单位的名词前要用定冠词。
Cleaning women in big cities usually get paid by the hour. 在大城市里，女清洁工一般按小时计算薪水。
4．用在表示某世纪、年代、时期或朝代的名词前。
It is not rare in the 1990s that people in their fifties are going to university for further education.
在二十世纪九十年代五十多岁的人上大学进修是不罕见的。
5．表示两者中“较……的”，比较级前应用the。
Tom is the younger of the two newcomers. To be honest，I have never seen a cleverer one.
汤姆是这两位新手中较年轻的一个。说实话，我从来没见到比他聪明的人。
考点三 零冠词的用法
1．复数名词和不可数名词表泛指概念时。
They are teachers.他们是教师。
Water is necessary to anyone.
2．称呼语及表示独一无二的头衔、职务的名词作表语、宾语补足语及同位语时，不加冠词。
Obama was elected President of the
3．系动词turn(变成)后的单数名词作表语，用零冠词。
After graduation from college he turned teacher (became a teacher)．大学毕业后，他成了一名教师。
4. “零冠词+单数名词+as/though+主语+谓语”意为“虽然/尽管……，但是……”
Child as / though he is, he knows a lot.
Although he is a child, he knows a lot.尽管他是个小孩，但却懂得很多。
5. 在独立结构的某一形式中
The teacher came in, book in hand (= with a book in his hand) 老师进来了，手里拿着一本书。
6．man意为“人类”，word意为“消息”space/ room表示“空间”时，其前不用冠词。
Air is to man what water is to fish. 人离不开空气就像鱼离不开水。
The driver was at a loss when word came that he was forbidden to drive for speeding.
当由于超速驾车而被禁驾的消息传来时，那位司机感到不知所措。
7．no与such连用时应放在such之前,such后的名词不用冠词。
As is known to us，there is no such thing as a free lunch in the world.众所周知，世上没有免费的午餐。
练习：
D 1. When you finish reading the book, you will have _____ better understanding of_____life .
A．a; the B．the; a C．不填; the D．a; 不填 04辽宁
B 2. The sign reads “In case of _____ fire, break the glass and push _____ red button.”
A．不填；a B．不填；the C．the; the D．a; a 03全国
A 3. As a rule, domestic servants doing odd jobs are paid _______.
A. by the hour B. by hour C. by an hour D. by hours 04上海春考
C 4. First impressions are the most lasting. After all, you never get _____ second chance to make _____first impression.
A. a; the B. the; the C. a; a D. the; a 10北京
D 5. Everything comes with ____ price; there is no such _____ thing as free lunch in the world.
A. a, a B. the, / C. the, a D. a, / 10重庆
B 6. It's _____ good feeling for people to admire the
A.不填，a B. a,不填 C. the , a D. a, the 10福建
D 7. In ____ most countries, a university degree can give you ____ flying start in life.
A. the; a B. the; 不填 C.不填; 不填 D.不填; a 10四川
A 8. Many people agree that ____ knowledge of English is a must in _____ international trade today.
A. a; 不填 B. the; an C. the; the D. 不填; the 96全国
A 9. Dr. Peter Spence, ____ headmaster of the school, told us, "____ fifth of pupils here go on to study at
A.不填；A B.不填；The C. the; The D. a; A 11四川
C 10. In many places in
A. a; the B. /; a C. the; a D. the; the 08重庆
B 11. --- Could you tell me the way to ____ Johnsons, please?
--- Sorry, we don't have ____ Johnson here in the village.
A. the; the B. the; a C. /; the D. the; / 07全国2
B 12. --- How about____ Christmas evening party?
--- I should say it was _____ success.
A. a; a B. the; a C. a; 不填 D. the; 不填 07福建
D 13. I know you don't like ____ music very much. But what do you think of _____ music in the film we saw yesterday?
A. /; / B. the; the C. the; / D. /; the 06全国2
B 14. It is often said that ______ teachers have ______ very easy life.
A. 不填；不填 B. 不填；a C. the ；不填 D. the；a 05北京
D 15. The
A. the , / B. an, the C. /, the D. an, a 04浙江
