Hi John,

    I have found a suitable flat for you to stay in when you are working in my city. ___________             

                                                                            Yours,

                                                                            Li Hua

    参考答案

Hi John,

    I have found a suitable flat for you to stay in when you are working in my city. 

    It is on the third floor of a four-storeyed building in Nanhua Street. It lies to the north of a beautiful park, with a hospital, a school, a shop and a post office all within walking distance, which makes it convenient for life. Inside the flat, there is a sitting-room on the right hand side of the door, opposite to which is a dining-room and a kitchen. Two bed-rooms lie on the east of the sitting-room and the dining-room, with a bathroom in between.

    It’s a nice flat with all furniture and appliances. I hope you’ll be satisfied with it.

                                                                   Yours,

                                                                   Li Hua

第二种说明文---说明一件事物的特点或优势

    近两年高考英语书面表达中出现过要求学生介绍一个新开业的宾馆或一幅图画内容的说明文，这类说明文属于事物性说明文，其说明对象是具体事物，说明目的是使读者了解、认识这个事物的特点或优势。该类文章还可包括产品介绍、人物介绍、地点或景物介绍、图片说明、现象说明等。

事物类说明文多以提纲要点式和提纲表格式出现。考生在动笔前一定先要仔细审题，了解介绍和说明的目的。文章是写给什么人的？他关心的内容是什么？需要说明的主要对象是什么？应该以什么样的语气来写？头脑中有个大概认识之后再来看需要介绍的具体内容。

    给文字提示的说明文，考生最容易写成逐句翻译，这样会严重影响得分。为避免这种现象发生，考生需要将所给要点根据一定的中心重新分类，用“同类合并”的方法把全文划分为几个相对独立的部分，并进而概括出每部分的大意，再用过渡词把每部分的大意连缀起来，就能比较清楚地显示出全文的说明顺序。比如介绍一个地点时，可以从它的位置规模人口、气候植被、旅游景点特产、工农业及重要性四个方面进行概括；介绍一件产品时，可以从物体的形状、规格大小、颜色和功能几个方来介绍；介绍一个人物时，可以从他的外貌年龄、学习工作经历、性格特点、行为举止四方面来说明。

    在明确各段说明要点之后，使用什么说明顺序，还要看说明的对象。一般来说，说明事物的演变发展的，用时间顺序；说明建筑物，用空间顺序；介绍高科技产品或说明事物间的联系的，用逻辑顺序。

    事物类说明文适合以定义法开头。比如在介绍手提电脑的这种产品时，可以这样写：Laptop is a portable computer that can be carried easily and used conveniently whenever and wherever you are. 在说明的过程中，要借助举例法和细节描述法使被介绍的内容清晰丰满。在结尾段要突出题目要求，重申说明目的，使文章完整。

    在语言使用方面，应尽量使语言显得客观公正，不要使用太多夸张的修饰词和表达个人观点的语句，因为你是在客观说明而不是发表议论。为达到这一效果，推荐考生多用被动句，句子不要太复杂，最好长短句结合，另外还要记住尽量使用第三人称。

    好词好句推荐

    1．过渡词

    ①表顺序：first, second, third, in the first place, above all, at first, in the beginning, to begin with, besides, what’s more, in addition, furthermore, moreover, another, also, especially, in particular

    ②表时间：first, then, next, after that, next, finally now, at present, recently, after, afterwards, after that, after a while, in a few days, form now on, from then on, at the same time, meanwhile, till, not…until, before, after, when, while, as during,

    ③表示解释说明：for example, for instance, in this case, such as…, take… for example，in fact, actually

    2. 常用句式：

    ①…is a new kind of …produced by…, which is …

    ②Made of …, it is light, small, and easy to carry.

    ③…containing much top and new technique is famous for its excellent quality and reasonable price.

    ④China is a large country with rich history and much population.

    ⑤…, the capital of …, lies in the middle of …

    ⑥It has an area of 160,000 square kilometers with a population of over 90 million.

    ⑦It is rich in natural sources such as coal and gold and has mild weather.

    ⑧…is located at the foot of/ by the side of …, to the east of…and to the north of…

    ⑨… is provided for the convenience of customers/ visitors.

    ⑩Built in the16th century, the castle has witnessed too much coming and going in history.

    实战演练

07 年全国卷

    一家宾馆新开业，为吸引外国宾客，希望在互联网上进行宣传，请你用英语为其写一篇文字介绍。主要内容应包括：

    1．地点：距白山入口处500米；

    2．房间及价格：单人间（共20间），100元/天；双人间（共15间），150元/天；热水淋浴；

    3．餐饮：餐厅（中、西餐），咖啡厅（茶、咖啡）；

    4．游泳池：全天免费开放；

    5．欢迎预定。

    注意：

    1．词数100左右，开头语已为你写好；

    2．可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。

    【例文1】

    Welcome to Baishan Mountain Hotel

    Baishan Mountain Hotel is now open for business.

    The hotel has an ideal location, only 500 meters to the entrance of the mountain. It has 20 single rooms and 15 double rooms, all with hot showers. The price is very reasonable: 100 yuan per day for a single room and 150 per day for a double room. It provides different kinds of services including three meals a day in the dining hall with choices between Chinese food and Western food, coffee and tea in the café, and a swimming pool open all day free of charge.

    Welcome to Baishan Mountain Hotel. Reservation in advance is advised because it is a good choice for all tourists.

    点评：该文章为第五档文（23分）。该生把握主了事物类说明文的主要特征，语言客观、精练。在说明事物时对其特征进行了归类整理，文章条理清晰。在写作过程中注意到了长短句、主被动句交替使用，语言错落有致，丰富精彩，高级句型和词汇运用恰当，显示出其较强的语言运用能力。文章覆盖了所有主要内容，完全达到了预期的写作目的。

    【例文2】

    Welcome to Baishan Mountain Hotel

    Baishan Mountain Hotel is now open for business.

    Our hotel locates 500 meters away from the entrance to Baishan Mountain. If you pay 100 yuan a day, you can live in a single room. If you pay 150 yuan per day, you can live in a double room, certainly all with hot showers. But there are only 20 single rooms and 15 double rooms, so you’d better book in advance. The hotel serves three meals every day in the dinning room and you can choose the food you like. You can also enjoy coffee or tea whenever you want. In addition, there is a swimming pool which is open all day free of charge.

    Welcome to our Baishan Mountain Hotel!

    点评：该文为第四档（19分）。文章语言流畅，能够运用一些高级词汇和表达法，并且注意到了连接词和过渡词的使用。文章覆盖了所有主要内容，但漏掉了1、2个次重点比如餐厅、咖啡厅、中西餐等。主要的问题是未能对文字提示进行有效整合，逻辑略显不清晰。另外，文章在人称的使用上our, you交替出现，显得不够客观。

    模拟练习

    请根据下表提供的信息写一篇文章向外宾介绍国家体育馆“鸟巢”。字数：100字左右

    提示词汇：标志性建筑 symbolism

    参考答案

    The Bird’s Nest, the national stadium, is located in the north of Beijing, with an area of 5.8 million square meters, holding more than 90,000 audience. Started in December, 2007 and to be completed in 2008, it will be used for track and field events and football matches during the Beijing Olympic Games, while after that it will be used to hold all kinds of grand activities. Seen from the outside, it resembles a real bird nest made of branches, which explains how its name came from. It is no wonder regarded by experts as an incredible symbolism in Olympic history.

第三种说明文---说明做某事的具体方法

    说明如何做事情的作文属于事理性说明文。生活中这类文章有很多，也很实用，比如说明如何使用一件新产品、如何包饺子，如何学外语、如何查英语字典、如何上网查资料、如何保持身体健康、如何办理出国签证等。

    要写好事理类说明文，首先要限制说明的事物和范围，根据题目要求抓住一点去写，拣主要内容去写，不要泛泛而谈、东拉西扯。比如写一篇题为“How to improve your English” 的说明文，只能写区别于其他学科的英语特有的方法，而不是适用于所有学科的学习方法。这就需要考生认真审题，明确说明内容。这一点在半开放或开放性作文的写作过程中特别值得注意。以高考07年天津卷为例，题目中点明了要学生从阅读时间、光线、眼睛保健及睡眠等方面谈谈保护视力的具体方法，但有部分考生忽略了“阅读时间、光线、眼睛保健及睡眠等方面”这个范围，随意发挥，这样会导致要点严重缺失，偏离题目要求，从而造成失分。

    其次，一定要注意在说明时条理清晰。写这类说明文通常按照逻辑顺序或时间顺序。先做什么，后做什么，为什么要这样做。为达到这一目的，就要借助过渡词的使用，例如：first, then, next, finally, in the first place, above all, besides, in addition, furthermore, moreover, on top of that, apart from that, last but not least等。

    在布局结构方面，在第一段首先要表明说明的对象及目的，如果给出的是图表或图画应首先说明图表或图画内容，但文字不要过多，因为说明的重点应放在方法说明上。第二段应集中在方法说明。要注意在说明时有足够多的、确切的例子阐述例证。选例时不宜太多，否则会给人以堆砌例证、罗列现象的感觉，但也不要只选一例，因为即使事例较典型，如果只选一例其说服力也不够有力。比如在写如何保持身体健康时，可以这样写：One important factor to keep fit is to take regular exercise such as running, swimming, playing basketball, or doing yoga. 最后一段进行归纳总结

    在语言使用方面，首先要注意过渡词的使用，其次句型应采用祈使句。另外，还可以多使用介词短语、插入语、定语从句使行文跌荡起伏，错落有致。这类说明文有一些常用句型和表达法，考生可借鉴使用。

    好词好句推荐

    1．过渡词：

    ①表顺序：first, then, next, finally, in the first place, last but not least, above all, first and foremost,

    ②表递进：in addition，besides，fruthermore，what’s more，on the other hand，meanwhile，for one thing…for another, on top of that, apart from that,

    ③表举例：for example，for instance，such as，a typical （striking） example is that，a case in point

    ④表目的: for this reason,, for this purpose, so that, in order to, so as to,

    ⑤表总结：in a word, in short, in brief, on the whole, generally speaking, in my opinion, as far as I know, as we all know, as has been stated, as I have shown, finally, at last, in summary, in conclusion,

    2．常用句型：

    ①Nowadays it is common to use…, but not knowing how to use…keeps many people away from enjoying the wonderful service that …has brought us.

    ②As is known to all, it is important to …. Therefore, an increasing number of people are showing more interest in how to …

    ③With the development of …, there is an increasing need for people to know how to …

    ④There are several steps to follow./ Here are some tips.

    ⑤The first thing to do is to …

    ⑥Although …is important, but without …, all the efforts you have made will be in vain.

    ⑦To ensure success, there is one more thing that you must bear in mind, that is…

    ⑧If you can do what has been mentioned above, you can guarantee success.

    ⑨With the help of the above methods, you will achieve you goal soon.

    实战演练

07 天津卷

    假设你校举办看图征文活动，题目为“How to Protect Our Eyesight”。请你用英语写一篇短文，指出图中所反映的现象，并从阅读时间、光线、眼睛保健及睡眠等方面，谈谈保护视力的具体方法。

    注意：

    1．词数：不少于100词；

    2．可适当加入细节，以便使行文连贯。

    参考词汇：近视 — short-sighted

【例文1】

How to Protect Our Eyesight

    Nowadays, when you enter any middle school classroom, you can hardly find any student without glasses on their nose, as we can see from the picture above. How to protect our eye sight has become an important lesson that every teenagers should learn.

    To begin with, students must set a limit to their reading time and guarantee enough sleep. Remember to take a break every now and then while reading. In addition, avoid reading in dim light which will do harm to the eyes. What’s more, it is also important to take eye-exercise and have a healthy diet.

    If we can do what has been mentioned above, we can protect our eyesight and say farewell to glasses.

    点评：该文章为第五档文（23分）。该生准确地理解了题目要求，先说明图片内容，再根据提示说明保护视力的方法，内容完整，要点齐全。在说明事理的过程中注意了过渡词的使用，条理清晰。语言方面使用了祈使句，状语从句、主语从句和定语从句使用恰到好处。并且用了不少固定短语为文章增色，出色地完成了写作目的。

    【例文2】

How to Protect Our Eyesight

    Nowadays, we students’ eyesight is becoming worse and worse. Whenever you come into a classroom, you will find almost everybody has a pair of glasses on his nose. There are many reasons for this.

First, students often tiredly study with their eyes till deep night. Second, many students don’t pay attention to the health protection of their eyes. Third, fewer sleep can also harm one’s eyesight.

So if we want to protect our eyesight from being injured, we must let our eyes have proper rest, and pay attention to the health protection of our eyes.

    点评：本文属于第二档（10分）。文章从文字方面看未出现太多错误，行文还算流畅，也注意了过渡词的使用。但从内容上来看偏离了题目要求，第二段写了较多与要求无关的有关近视成因方面的内容，而对保护视力的方法介绍不足，遗漏了主要点，未能向读者传达有效信息，未能恰当地完成试题规定的任务。

    模拟练习

    根据调查，每次考试时总有些同学出现头晕、乏力、睡眠不足和食欲不振等“紧张情绪”。请你用英语写一篇短文，介绍一下你是如何对待考试及如何克服考试紧张情绪的。短文应包括以下内容：

    1、平时努力学习，正确对待考试；

    2、考前适当运动，正常作息；

    3、睡前洗个热水澡、喝杯热牛奶有助于睡眠。

    注意：1、文章开头已经给出，但不计入总词数；2、词数：100左右。

How to overcome the pressure of exams

    As we all know, most of us middle school students feel somehow nervous whenever we’re taking an important exam.                                                                               

    参考答案

How to overcome the pressure of exams

    As we all know, most of us middle school students feel somehow nervous whenever we’re taking an important exam. As a matter of fact, exams are no more than a means of evaluating, therefore, there is no need to worry too much about the results.

    To avoid suffering from the pressure of exams, first of all, we should have a correct attitude towards exams and work hard every day. Besides, we’d better do proper outdoor exercise and have a regular timetable before exams. What’s more, a hot bath or a cup of hot milk before going to bed night may help you have a sound sleep.

    So, my suggestion is: don’t worry about exams, try to relax yourself.