Unit 3 Inventors and inventions
distinguish, convenient, bear, associate, call up, set about, get through
1. distinguish vi.&vt. 辨别；显示…的差别
distinguish between…and… 区分 / 辨别…和…
distinguish…from… 使…有别于…；
使…具有区别于…的特征
be distinguished for… 因…而出名
distinguish oneself (as…) （作为…）表现突出
distinguished adj. 卓越的；著名的；杰出的
distinguishable adj. 易分辨的；能区分的
distinguish常用于否定句，且常与can或could连用，tell也可表“辨认；辨别”，常与can或could连用，主要用于否定句和疑问句中。
eg: You should learn to distinguish between right and wrong.
The twins are so alike that no one can distinguish one from the other.
I can’t tell the difference between the usages of “above all” and “first of all”.
2. convenient adj. 方便的；便利的；附近的
It is convenient for sb to do sth
做某事对某人来说是方便的
be convenient to… 到达某处很方便
convenience n. 方便；便利；适宜；省事
at one’s convenience 在方便的时候；在适宜的地方
at your earliest convenience 尽早
for convenience 为了方便
eg: Come by to pick me up at your convenience.
Will it be convenient for you to start work tomorrow?
Please come whenever it is convenient to you.
注：convenient作表语时，捕能用表示人的名词或代词作主语，也不能用 It is convenient of sb to do sth，只能用for sb。
3. bear (bore, borne) vt. 忍受；忍耐；负担
|
用法 |
bear doing / n. / to do 忍受… bear sb / sb’s doing 忍受某人做某事 |
|
短语 搭配 |
bear sb / sth out 证实；为…作证 bear with sb / sth 耐心对待；容忍 bear with in mind 牢记 |
eg: I doubt if that chair will bear your weight.
She has borne three children.
He can’t bear being laughed at.
= He can’t bear to be laughed at.
You must bear it in mind that your parents hope to depend on you to become a good doctor.
注：1 bear意为“忍耐；忍受”时，通常与can，could连用，用于疑问句或否定句中，常见近义词有：endure，tolerate，stand等。
2 borne和born时bear的两个过去分词，表示“出生，出自”时用born，并且仅用于被动式。表示“生育”时用borne。
4. associate vt. 联想；联系
n. 同伴；伙伴
associate sb / sth with sb / sth
把…和…联系在一起；由…联想到…
be associated with… 和…有关
associate with sb 与某人交往或常打交道
associate oneself with sth 声称或表示自己赞同某事物
association n. 联合；联想；交往；协会；团体
in association with… 与…合伙 / 合作
eg: I’ve never associated you with this place.
I wouldn’t want to be associated with Mckey’s project.
I don’t like these layabouts you’re associating with.
5. call up 给…打电话；使想起（往事）
call at 拜访（某个地点）
call in 顺路（到某处）；找来，请来；收回
call off 取消；停止
call on / upon 拜访（某人）；号召
call for 需求；需要；去接（某人）
call out 大声喊叫；召集
ring / call back 回复电话
ring off 挂断电话
give sb a ring 给某人打电话
sb be wanted on the phone 有某人的电话
answer the phone 接电话
hang / hold on 不挂断电话
辨析look back on sth / call up：
前者当“回忆，记起”讲时，其主语一般为“人”；而后者的意思是“使…回忆起”，其主语为“物”。
eg: Please call me up this afternoon.
The smell of the sea called up memories of her childhood.
Looking back on it, I still can’t figure out what went wrong.
注：1 “拜访某人”可用如下说法：call on sb, drop in on / upon sb, pay a visit to sb, go on a visit to sb, visit sb。
“拜访某地”可用如下说法：call at a place, drop in at a place, pay a visit to a place, go on a visit to a place, visit a place。
2 call up后的宾语如果是代词，则该代词应置于call与up之间；如果是具体的人或事物，则置于call与up之间或up之后皆可。
6. set about 开始；着手
set down 放下；记下；登记
set about doing… 着手做某事
set off 出发；使爆炸；引起；使(某人)开始(做某事)
set up 建立；竖立
set back 阻碍某事物发展；把（钟表指针）往回拨
set aside 把…置于一旁；留出
be set in 以…为背景
set out (to do) 开始做；出发；安排；摆设；陈述
eg: He set about his work as soon as he had finished his meal.
The girl attendant has set about cleaning the room.
Let’s set aside my personal feelings for now.
7. get through 设法联系上（尤指打通电话）；
（设法）做完；通过；度过
get across 被理解；使人了解
get down to 认真地静下心（工作）（to为介词）
get over 克服
get on 进展；进步
get in 收获
get around / round 到处走东；传播出去
go through 检查；经历
pass through 从…中穿过；走过…中
look through 浏览；仔细查看
see through 看穿；识破
live through 活过（一段时间）；经过…后仍然活着
break through 突破（障碍）
eg: Mr Chen is going through the student’ papers.
I tried to ring my girlfriend but I couldn’t get through.
Your meaning didn’t really get across.
练习：
1. “Chen Yunlin himself during the visit to
A. recognized B. proved
C. tested D. distinguished
2. I’m afraid this isn’t a very time－could you call back later?
A. convenient B. fair
C. easy D. comfortable
3. We have no vacancies (空职) now, but we’ll certainly
your application in mind.
A. hide B. bear C. stand D. endure
4. He wished to forget everything with his former life and start a new life.
A. joined B. associated C. buried D. carried
5. With the weather worsening, they have the flight from
A. called off B. called in
C. called out D. called for
6. The boys stopped and digging holes to plant the trees.
A. set off B. set out C. set about D. set up
7. The earthquake has destroyed most houses in the village. How are they going to the winter?
A. get on B. get across
C. get over D. get through
8. ---It’s a good idea, but who’s going to the plan?
---I think Tom and Grey will.
A. get through B. carry out
C. go through D. carry on
Unit 3 Inventors and inventions
1—5 DABBA 6—8 CDB
