Period 4 Grammar
教学目标
1．语言知识目标：复习限制性定语从句的特点和关系词。
2．语言能力目标：能够造成含有限制性定语从句的句子，在书面表达中进行运用。
重点难点
1．教学重点：掌握限制性定语从句的特点，关系代词和关系副词使用的
2．教学难点：关系代词和关系副词使用的场合，在写作中运用限制性定语从句。
教学准备
1．学生的学习准备：复习限制性定语从句的特点及关系词。
2．教师的教学准备：整理关系代词和关系副词的使用场合，并绘制表格
3．教学用具的设计和准备：制作多媒体课件。
教学过程
Step 1 Presentation
1．A game “Guess who he/she is.”：Listen to several sentences，and then guess who he/she is according to the description.
2．Show the sentences with the restrictive attributive clauses in the game in the screen and make the students find them out.
e．g.The student is a boy who_is_taller_than_me.
The student is a boy who_is_always_ready_to_help_others_and_popular_among_the_
classmates.
The student has a nickname which_is_related_to_a_lovely_animal.
[设计说明] 听句子，猜猜他/她是谁的游戏，能够很快地引起学生的兴趣，活跃课堂气氛，而且，在描述中使用的一些句子带有限制性定语从句，也为限制性定语从句的呈现做好了准备。
Step 2 Revision
1．Revise the characteristics of restrictive attributive clauses.(The students can say that in Chinese.)
从形式上看，限制性定语从句与先行词(被定语从句修饰的名词或代词)之间没有逗号。
从功能上看，限制性定语从句对先行词起着修饰和限制的作用，如果去掉从句，会影响到整个主句的意思。
2．Revise the relative pronouns and adverbs of restrictive attributive clauses.[来源:学科网]
the usage of the relative pronoun
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关系代词 |
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指代 |
在定语从句中所充当的成分 |
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person |
thing |
Subject 主语[来源:学科网ZXXK] |
Object 宾语 |
Attributive 定语 |
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who |
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whom |
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[来源:学科网ZXXK] |
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which |
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that |
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whose |
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the usage of the relative adverb
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关系副词 |
指代 |
在定语从句中所充当的句子成分 |
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when |
time |
adverbial |
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where |
place |
adverbial |
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why |
reason |
adverbial |
关系副词＝介词＋which
3．Revise the usage of “that”．
that和which在指物的情况下一般可以互换，但在下列情况下，一般用that而不用which。
(1)先行词为all，everything，nothing，something，anything，little，much 等不定代词时。
(2)先行词被all，every，no，some，any，little，much，the only，the very，the same，the last，序数词或形容词最高级等修饰时。
(3)先行词是who或who引导的主句。
(4)主句是there be 句型时。
(5)先行词中既有人又有物时。
注意：介词后面只能用which 而不能用that。
[设计说明] 借助第一环节中的句子，先让学生找出限制性定语从句，再复习限制性定语从句的特征和关系词的用法，尤其是关系代词that的用法，为下面的环节——关系词的运用打下基础。
Step 3 Practising
1．Fill in the blanks with the proper relative pronoun/adverb.
(1)The reason ______ he didn't come to school yesterday is that he was ill.
(2)The baby ______ trousers is red is Jack.
(3)The woman ______ can speak Russian got the job.
(4)
(5)Can you lend me
(6)Is this the library from ______ you borrow books?
(7)I've read all the books ______ are not mine.
(8)I am sure she has something ______ you can borrow.
(9)The reason______ the accident happened is still unknown.
(10)He will have to put off his concert until next month，______ he finishes his travel around the world.
Keys：(1)why (2)whose (3)who (4)whom (5)which (6)which (7)that (8)that (9)why (10)when
2．Complete the sentences with your own words.
(1)Painting is an activity that____________.[来源:Zxxk.Com]
(2)The interpreter to whom you____________ is on holiday.
(3)The man who____________ is a doctor.
(4)The woman whose daughter ____________ is over there.
(5)The school where you____________ has been improved.
(6)Anne is doing some research on thetime when ____________.
(7)The reason why he ____________ was that he was watching an interview of the first Chinese astronaut on TV.
3．Answer the following questions using attributive clauses with the pronouns/adverbs in the brackets.
Example：What kind of friend would you like to have？(whom)
I'd like to have a friend whom I can trust.
(1)What kind of place would you like to go to for a holiday？(where)
(2)What story do you enjoy most？(which/that)
(3)Which musical instrument would you like to learn to play？(which/that)[来源:Zxxk.Com]
(4)Why didn't you finish your homework？(why)
(5)What kind of person is she married to？(to whom)
(6)What sport do you participate in most often？(which/that)
(7)Which day won't you ever forget？(when)
4．Write a passage about your class/family using restricitive attributive clauses as many as possible.
[设计说明]语法运用在这个部分是层层递进的，练习1要求学生填写关系代词或关系副词，练习2要求学生造句，完成定语从句，练习3则要求学生根据给出的关系词写出一个含有定语从句的完整的句子，练习4要求写一篇含有多个定语从句的文章，体现了“词—句—篇”的教学原则。如果学生的水平较弱，难以按照教师的要求完成写作练习，教师也可以要求学生翻译一段含有多个定语从句的文章以达到在语篇输出中运用限制性定语从句的目的。(下划线的句子要求用上限制性定语从句)
瞧！这是一张我们班级的照片。我们班是一个由27个男生和26个女生组成的大家庭。那个留着短发的女老师是我们的班主
A writing sample：
Look！This is a photo of our class.Our class is a big family which is made up of 27 boys and 26 girls.The woman teacher who wears short hair is our head teacher，Miss Zhou.Our monitor is a boy who likes sports.Can you find him out？The tallest boy who is standing in the middle of Line 3 is our monitor—Li Ming.The girl whose smile is the biggest is my lovely deskmate.I will never forget the unforgettable days when we studied and lived together.
